Reflex Development and Integration Flashcards
Rooting
Stroke the corner of the mouth, upper lip, and lower lip
Movement of the tongue, mouth and/or head towards the stimulus
Onset: 28 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 3 months
Suck-Swallow
stimulus
Onset: 28 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 2-5 months
Traction
Grasp infant's forearms and pull to sit Complete flexion of UE's stimulus Onset: 28 weeks gestation Integration Age: 2-5 months
Moro
stimulus
Onset: 28 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 4-6 months
Plantar Grasp
stimulus
Onset: 28 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 9 months
Galant
Infant in prone suspension run fingers along the spine
Lateral trunk flexion and wrinkling of the skin on the stimulated side
stimulus
Onset: 32 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 2 months
Asymmetric Tonic Neck
Fully rotate infant’s head and hold for 5 seconds
Extension of extremities on the face side, flexion of extremities on the skull side
stimulus
Onset: 37 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 4-6 months
Palmar Grasp
stimulus
Onset: 37 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 4-6 months
Tonic Labyrinthine Supine
Infant in supine Increased extensor tone stimulus Onset: 37 weeks gestation Integration Age: 6 months
Tonic Labyrinthine Prone
Infant in prone Increased flexor tone stimulus Onset: 37 weeks gestation Integration Age: 6 months
Landau
Hold the infant in horizontal prone suspension
Complete extension of head trunk, and extremities
stimulus
Onset: 3 - 4 months
Integration Age: 12-24 months
Symmetric tonic neck
Place infant in the crawling position and extend the head
Flexion of hips and knees Onset: 4-6 months
Integration Age: 8-12 months
Neck righting on body NOB
Place infant in supine and fully turn head to one side
Log rolling of the entire body to maintain alignment with the head
Onset: 4-6 months
Integration Age: 5 years
Body righting on body BOB
Place infant in supine, flex one hip and knee toward the chest and hold briefly
Segmental rolling of the upper trunk to maintain alignment.
Onset: 4-6 months
Integration Age: 5 years
Functional Significance: Rooting
Helps the baby locate the feeding source
Functional Significance: Suck-Swallow
Facilitated nutritive sucking for the ingestion of liquid
Functional Significance: Traction
Promote momentary grasp to enable to child to hold onto mother when being pulled
Functional Significance: Moro
Protective response to stress helps develop extensor tone during a period when flexor tone is dominant
Functional Significance: Plantar grasp
Increase input to sole of foot: Integration is associated with readiness for independent gait
Functional Significance: Galant
Enhances trunk stabilization by facilitation of lateral trunk movement
Functional Significance: Asymmetric Tonic Neck
Promote visual attention to UE’s.
Decrease incidence of rolling
Functional Significance: Palmar Grasp
Increase palmar tactile input
Prepare muscles for voluntary grasp
Functional Significance: Tonic Labyrinthine Supine
Facilitates full body extensor tone
Allows posture to adapt to that of the head
Functional Significance: Tonic Labyrinthine Prone
Facilitation full body flexion tone
Allows posture to adapt to that of the head
Functional Significance: Landau
Regulates tone
Promotes prone extension to manage flexor tone
Functional Significance: Symmetric Tonic Neck
Facilitated quadruped position in preparation for crawling
Breaks up total body extension
Functional Significance: NOB
Facilitates rolling
Maintains body orientation in response to cervical position changes
Functional Significance: BOB
Promotes trunk and spinal rotation to facilitate sitting and quadruped positions.
Functional Significance: Labyrinthine/optical (Head) righting
Basis for head management and postural stability
Orients head in space vertically
Functional Significance: Downward parachute
Protective Extension Downward
Prepare lower extremities for surface contact to break a fall
Functional Significance: Forward Parachute
Protective Extension Forward
Places upper extremities in anticipation of surface contract to break a fall
Functional Significance: Sideward Parachute
Protective Extension Sideward
Unilaterally supports body for use of opposite arm prevents falls
Functional Significance: Backward Parachute
Protective Extension Backward
Protects from backward falls
Functional Significance: Prone Tilting
Facilitates postural adjustment to maintain center of gravity
Functional Significance: Supine tilting and sitting tiliting
Facilitated postural adjustment to maintain center of gravity promotes sitting balance
Functional Significance: Quadruped tilting
Facilitated postural adjustment to maintain center of gravity and preserve positioning in quadruped
Functional Significance: Standing tilting
Facilitated postural adjustment to maintain center of gravity and balance during standing and walking.
Labyrinthine/optical (Head) righting
Infant suspended vertically and tilt slowly about 45 degrees to the side, forwards and backwards
Upright position of the head
Onset Age: Birth 2 months
Downward parachute
Protective Extension Downward
Rapidly lower infant towards supporting surface while suspended vertically
Extension of the LE’s
Onset Age: 4 months
Forward Parachute
Protective Extension Forward
Suddenly tip infant forward while in vertical position
Placing UE’s in anticipated of surface to break a fall
Onset Age: 6-9 months
Sideward Parachute
Protective Extension Sideward
In sitting position quickly tip infant off balance to the side
Arm extension and abduction
Onset Age: 7 months
Backward Parachute
Protective Extension Backward
Tip infant off balance backwards
backward arm extension or extension of one arm to the side spinal rotation
Onset Age: 9-10 months
Prone Tilting
Infant in prone, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
Curving of the spine towards the raised side: abd/extesnion of arms and legs
Onset Age: 5 months
Supine tilting and sitting tiliting
Infant in supine or sitting slowly raised one side of surface
Curving of the spine towards the raised side
Onset Age: 7-8 months
Quadruped tilting
Infant in all fours slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
Curving of the spine towards the raised side
Onset Age: 9-12 months
Standing tilting
Infant in standing, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
Curving of the spine towards the raised side
Onset Age: 12-21 months.
