Reflection And Refraction Required Practical

Question 1

Describe the method for the refraction required practical

Answer 1

• First take a sheet of A3 paper and draw a straight line down the centre using a ruler
• Use a potractor to draw a line at a 90 degree angle to the first line , this is the normal
• Now place a glass block at the centre of the first straight line so the normal is in line with the centre of the block
• Draw around the glass block
• Turn all the lights out
• Use a ray box to direct a ray of light so it hits the block at the normal . This is the incident ray and the angle between the incidence ray and the normal is the angoe of incidence
• You will be able to see a ray reflect from the block. This is the reflected ray. You will also be able to see the ray leaving from the other side of the block . This is the transmitted ray
• Mark the path of the incidence ray and reflected ray with a cross . Then mark the path of the transmitted ray with crosses
• Switch off the ray blox and take away the glass block
• Draw in the reflected ray and the incidence ray. Also draw in the transmitted ray and the path the light takes through the block to get to the transmitted ray
• measure the angle of incidence ,angle of relfection and angle of refraction (angle between the normal and path of transmitted ray through block
• REPEAT the experiment using different materials for the glass block

Question 2

What are safety notes for this required practical

Answer 2

• Switch off ray box when it is not in use as they often get hot
• You could use a laser but a laser would be more dangerous

Question 3

What results would you expect to see

Answer 3

The angle of incidence and reflectoon will not change for a glass block made of different material but the angle of refraction will

Question 4

What is the method for a reflection required practical

Answer 4

• Draw a straight line on a piece of paper . Take an object and line it up so one of its sides lies up with this line
• Shine a ray of light at the object using a ray box and trace the incoming and reflected light beams
• Draw the normal at the point where the ray hits the object. Use a proctractor to measure the angle of incidence and angle of reflection record these values in a table. Make a note of the width and brightness of the reflected ray
• Repeat this for a number of objects

Question 5

What is a renewable energy resource

Answer 5

A renewable energy resource is one that is being or can be replenished as quickly as it is being used

Question 6

What are some advantages shared by all renewable energy resources

Answer 6

• Renewable energy resources will never run out
• Once renewable energy sources are in place they do not add any carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and so do not contribute to climate change

Question 7

What are disadvantages of wind and solar forms of energy

Answer 7

-Wind and solar power are not reliable since some days are simply not windy enough to produce wind energy or too cloudy to produce solar energy

Question 8

What are some advantages and disadvantages of HEP power

Answer 8

Advantages:
-HEP is very reliable

Disadvantages

• Habitats may be destroyed when HEP dams are built and valleys may be flooded
• HEP is only useful in countries were there is lots of rivers so is not so feasable in the Uk

Question 9

What are some advantages are disadvantages of tidal power

Answer 9

Advantages :
Tidal power is extremely reliable (as we know the tide will come in and out daily)

Disadvantages:
There are concerns that building tidal barrages may damage wildlife habitats

Question 10

What are the advantages and disadvantages of wave power

Answer 10

Advantages of wave power:
Wave power is reliable and has huge potential in the UK due to the extensive coastline

Disadvantages of wave power:

Wave power is small scale at the moment and mainly experimental

Question 11

What is geothermal energy

Answer 11

Geothermal energy used heat from the earth to generate electricity for heating

Question 12

What are the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy

Answer 12

Advantages:

-Geothermal energy is reliable but not used too much in the UJ

Question 13

How are biofuels produced

Answer 13

Biofuels are produced using plant materials

Question 14

What are some advantages and disadvantages of using biofuels

Answer 14

Advantages
-Biofuels can be used to power vehicles such as buses
-Although carbon dioxide is released when burning biofuels carbon dioxide is also taken in by plants when growing crops for biofuels so it is a carbon neutral process
Disadvantages
-If we use too much land to grow crops for biofuels there wont be enough land left to grow food