Redox and acids Flashcards
Definition of oxidation
Loss of electrons and an increase in the oxidation of number.
Definition of reduction
The gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation number.
Definition of redox reactions
Reactions in which both oxidation and reduction take place.
Definition of an oxidising agent
A reagent that oxidises another species (itself is reduced).
Examples: MnO4^- / CrO7^2- / O2 / H2O2
Definition of reducing agent
A reagent that reduces another species (itself is oxidised).
Examples: H2 / Na / Zn / NaBH4
When answering exam qus about redox equations…
X has changed from 0 in ….. –> +3 in ….. An increase in oxidation, so oxidation.
Y has changed from +3 in ….. –> 0 in ….. A decrease in oxidation number, so reduction.
Definition of acid
Proton donors
Definition of a strong acid
Fully disassociates in aqueous solutions (into its ions).
Definition of a weak acid
Only partially disassociates in aqueous solution.
Definition of a base
Proton acceptor
Defintion of an alkali
A type of base that dissolves in water forming OH- ions.
Definition of a salt
A chenical compound formed when a hydrogen ion from an acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, for example: NH4^+.
Acid + base…
…salt + water
Acid + alkali…
…salt + water
Acid + metal…
…salt + H2
