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CHEMISTRY > REDOX > Flashcards

REDOX Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxidation?

A

loss of electrons

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2
Q

what is reduction?

A

gain of electrons

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3
Q

what is an oxidizing agent?

A

electron acceptor
causes something to be oxidised

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4
Q

what is a reducing agent?

A

electron donor
causes something to be reduced

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5
Q

define oxidation state

A

the number assigned to atoms in a compound
to follow which elements are gaining or losing electrons
in a reaction

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6
Q

what is the oxidation state of uncombined elements (e.g., Mg, Na, O2, H2, Cl2)

A

0

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7
Q

What is the sum of all the oxidation states in a compound (e.g., NaCl)?

A

0

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8
Q

What is the oxidation state of a simple ion? (e.g., Mg2+)

A

the same as its charge

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9
Q

What is the sum of all the oxidation states in a complex ion (e.g., NH4+)

A

the same as its charge

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10
Q

What is the oxidation state of Hydrogen?

A

+1

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11
Q

What is the oxidation state of Hydrogen in metal hydride compounds?

A

-1

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12
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 1 metals?

A

always +1

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13
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 2 metals?

A

always +2

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14
Q

What is the oxidation state of Aluminium?

A

Always +3

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15
Q

What is the oxidation state of Oxygen?

A

-2

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16
Q

What is the oxidation state of Oxygen in peroxide compounds? (e.g., H2O2)

A

-1

17
Q

What is the oxidation state of Fluorine?

A

always -1

18
Q

What is the oxidation state of Chlorine?

A

-1

19
Q

When can the oxidation state of Chlorine be a positive value?

A

in compounds containing F or O

20
Q

an increase in oxidation state shows …

A

oxidation (becomes more positive)

21
Q

a decrease in oxidation state shows …

A

reduction (becomes more -ve)

22
Q

What is spectator ion?

A

ion which has not been oxidised or reduced in a REDOX reaction

23
Q

Metals tend to undergo …

A

oxidation

24
Q

Non-metals tend to undergo …

A

reduction

25
Q

What are oxyanions?

A

negative ions that contain oxygen and another element
(indicated by the ending ‘-ate’)
e.g., SO42- (sulfate), CO32- (carbonate)

26
Q

How do you balance for O in half equations?

A

Add water molecules

27
Q

How do you balance for H in half equations?

A

Add H+

28
Q

How do you balance for charges in half equations?

A

Add electrons

29
Q

What is disproportionation?

A

The same atom undergoes oxidation and reduction at the same time

CHEMISTRY (8 decks)

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