Red Wines Flashcards
1
Q
Too Cool Climate Pinot Noir
A
- excessive vegetal (cabbage, wet leaves)
2
Q
Cool to Moderate Pinot Noir
A
- red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, red cherry)
- vegetal and animal nuances (wet leaves, mushroom, game meat)
3
Q
Hot Climate Pinot Noir
A
- loses delicate flavours
- excessively jammy
4
Q
Oak Aging Pinot Noir
A
Wood (toast, vanilla)
Oak can easily overpower delicate aromas.
5
Q
Pinot Noir Regions
A
Burgundy (Bourgogne, Gevrey-Chambertin, Beaune, Nuits-Saint-Georges, Pommard)
Germany (Pfalz, Baden)
USA: California (Sonoma County, Carneros, Santa Barbara County), Oregon
Chile: Casablanca Valley
South Africa: Walker Bay
Australia: Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula
New Zealand: Marlborough, Central Otago
6
Q
Key Facts for Cabernet Sauvignon
A
- moderate or hot climate
- deeply coloured with high levels of tannins and acidity
- pronounced aromas
- produces wines for aging
- oak often used for maturation
7
Q
Moderate Climate Cabernet Sauvignon
A
- black fruit (black current, black cherry)
- herbaceous (bell pepper)
8
Q
Hot Climate Cabernet Sauvignon
A
Black fruit (black currant, black cherry, blackberry)
9
Q
Cabernet Sauvignon in Blends
A
- adds colour, acidity, tannin and aromatic fruit
- Merlot
- Shiraz
- local varieties
10
Q
Key Facts for Merlot
A
- moderate or hot climate
- medium acidity and tannins
- medium to high body and alcohol
- oak often used for maturation
11
Q
Moderate Climate Merlot
A
- red fruit (strawberry, red cherry, red plum)
- herbal (mint)
- maturity (cedar, tobacco)
12
Q
Hot Climate Merlot
A
- black fruit (black cherry, blackberry, black plum)
- fruitcake
- chocolate
13
Q
Merlot in Blends
A
- adds softness and body
- makes wines easier to drink
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- local varieties
14
Q
Key Facts for Pinot Noir
A
- cool or moderate climate
- thin skins - low levels of tannins, light colour
- most wines are best consumed when young and fruity
- weak variety, hard to grow
15
Q
Key Facts of Syrah/Shiraz
A
- moderate or hot climate
- deeply coloured
- medium acidity, medium to high levels of tannins and usually full-bodied
- oak often used for maturation
16
Q
Moderate Climate Syrah
A
- black fruit (blackberry)
- herbaceous
- smoked meat
- spice (black pepper)
17
Q
Hot Climate Syrah
A
- black fruit (blackberry) - stewed, jammy and cooked
- dark chocolate
- sweet spice (liquorice)
18
Q
Mature Syrah
A
- animal (leather)
- vegetal (cooked peas and cabbage)
19
Q
Key Facts of Grenache
A
- hot climate
- thin skins (lighter in colour than Syrah)
- full-bodied with high levels of alcohol and low acidity
- used for the production of rosé wines
- known as Garnacha in Spain
20
Q
Hot Climate Grenache
A
- red fruit (strawberry, raspberry)
- spice (white pepper, liquorice)
21
Q
Maturity Grrnache
A
- animal (leather)
- toffee
22
Q
Rosé Grenache
A
- red fruit (strawberry, raspberry)
- best consumed young
- oak not often used
23
Q
Syrah in Blends
A
- boosts colour, tannin and acidity
- adds dark fruit character
24
Q
Grenache in Blends
A
- increases alcohol level
- lowers tannins and acidity
- adds a red fruit character
- adds extra spice flavours
25
Gamay
Beaujolais (France)
- moderate climate
- low tannin, medium to high acidity, light to medium-bodied
- pronounced red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, cherry), spice (cinnamon, pepper)
- best consumed young and fruity
- usually unoaked - coarse skin tannin, fragrant enough without oak
- fresh, fruity and drinkable
- will age but usually made for immediate consumption
26
Tempranillo
Rioja DOCa
- moderate climate
- medium acidity, medium to full-bodied and medium tannins
- red fruit (strawberry, plum)
- often aged in oak (softer tannins, sweet coconut and vanilla flavours)
- maturity (savoury animal (meat, leather), and vegetal (mushroom))
- blended with Garnacha (Grenache), supplying alcohol, spicy notes and lighter tannins.
27
Ribera del Duero DO
- 100% Tempranillo
- premium-quality red wines
- black fruit notes (blackberry, plum)
- oak (toast)
28
Catalunya DO
- good-quality reds in a range of styles using Tempranillo, Garnacha and international varieties
- near Barcelona
29
Douro DO
Portugal
- hot climate
- high-quality red wines
- grape: Touriga Nacional
- high acid and tannin, deep in colour
- intense flavours of dark fruit (blackberry, black current), spice (pepper, liquorice)
- usually aged in oak
30
Nebbiolo
Barolo DOCG and Barbaresco DOCG (Piemonte)
- Nebbiolo is the variety
- high acidity, tannins, and alcohol, full-bodied
- red fruit (plum), floral and earthy character
- maturity (tobacco, mushroom, tar)
- Barbaresco ripens 3 weeks earlier
31
Barbers
- variety
- high acidity, light to medium tannins, medium-bodied
- red fruit (red cherry), spice (black pepper)
- often oak-aged (toast, vanilla, sweet spice)
32
Sangiovese
Chianti Region - chalky and minerally
- 13.5-14.5% alcohol
- high tannins and acidity
- medium to full-bodied
- red fruit (plum, red cherry), earth, herbal (green tea), spice
- long oak aging
33
Chianti DOCG (including Chianti Classico)
```
Grape: Sangiovese
Region: Tuscany
- small portion of other varieties can be used
- a lot of inexpensive wines
- 12 months aging
```
34
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
100% Saingiovese
| 5 years aging
35
Valpolicella and Valpolicella Classico DOC
Region: Veneto
Grape: Corvina
- variety of styles from a blend of grapes
- pale to medium colour
- high acidity, light bodied and low tannins
- sour red cherry
- premium examples: high concentration and complexity of baked fruit flavours (plum, dried red fruit, prunes)
36
Amarone Della Valpolicella DOCG
- partially dried grapes
- 16% alcohol
- may be off-dry
- dried 6 weeks (reduce water by 35%)
37
Recioto Della Valpolicella
- dried for much longer than Amarone and is much sweeter
38
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC
Grape: Montepulciano
- deep colour, high acidity
- medium to high tannins and alcohol, medium to full-bodied
- red and black fruit (black cherry, blackberry, plum), spice (pepper)
- oak- aged
39
Aglianico
```
Southern Italy
In Campania and Basilica
- deep colour
- high acidity and tannins, full-bodied, complex
- intense flavours of black fruit
```
40
Primitivo and Negroamaro
Puglia, Southern Italy
- medium colour, acid, tannins
- full-bodied
- jammy black fruit and liquorice
- Primitivo is same variety as Zinfandel
41
Zinfandel
California
- rich, high alcohol, full-bodied
- black fruit (blackberry), dried fruit (prune, raisin), sweet spice (cloves, liquorice)
- most intense from old vines
- off-dry fruity rosés (White Zinfandel)
42
Pinotage
South Africa
- a close relative of Pinot Noir
- moderate to hot climate
- rich, full-bodied, medium tannins
- red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, cherry), vegetal, animal (tar, leather)
- often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
43
Carmenère
- Bordeaux variety introduced into Chile
- warm, sunny sites
- deep colour, medium to high acidity and alcohol
- medium to full-bodied, high tannins
- black fruit (blackberry), spice (pepper)
- under-ripeness: vegetal (green bell pepper, green beans)
- often blended (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot)
44
Malbec
- Bordeaux variety introduced into Mendoza, Argentina
- full-bodied, medium to high tannins
- black fruit (blackberry, black plum), spice (clove, pepper)
- suitable for oak ageing
- often blended (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot)
