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Red wines Flashcards

1
Q

Agiorgitiko

A

Entry level - £10, 14.5%, old oak

Premium - £30, 14%, old vines, new oak

Regions - Nemea

Laterals - Merlot (ripe)

Marker - generous but European

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2
Q

Aglianico

A

Entry level - £16 13% old oak

Premium - £40 14% 18-24m French oak 2017

Regions - Aglianico del Vulture, Taurasi

Laterals - Sangiovese/other Italian

Marker - dried flowers

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3
Q

Alicante Bouschet

A

Entry level - (blend) £15 14% some new oak poss

Premium - £30 14.5% 1 yr oak diff sizes min 2 years bottle

Regions - Alentejo, Lisboa, blends in other Portuguese, some in Cali, Chile

Laterals - Malb

Marker - next level chewy tannins

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4
Q

Baga

A

Entry level - £20 (Niepoort natural example 11.5%)

Premium - £50+ 2018 13% 24m 500l Fr

Super premium - £130 2021 12.5% old vines 18m Austrian foudres

Regions - Bairrada, Dao

Laterals - Nebbiolo, Xinomavro

Marker - wild rusticity plus elegance

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5
Q

Barbera

A

Entry level - £11, 13-14%, no oak

Premium - £30 (NIzza), 15%, 225l Fr oak 15m 2020 (vs Vajra unoaked 2023)

Regions - Piemonte, Alba, Asti

Laterals - Corvina, other Italian

Marker - high+ acid, sour cherry not herbal

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6
Q

Blaufrankisch

A

Entry level - £13 2022 13% unoaked

Premium - £40 13% large old oak, sometimes minimal style 2021 (more for single vineyard)

Regions - Burgenland, Germany, Hungary

Laterals - Italian, Syrah, Pinotage

Marker - bluefruit, savoury, VA

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7
Q

Bobal

A

Entry level - £13 13% poss cab mac, poss oak 2022

Premium - ?

Regions - Manchuela, Utiel-Requena

Laterals - Gamay, S. France

Marker -

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8
Q

Bonarda

A

Entry level - £11 2023 13.5%

Premium - £30 13.5% 2021 ferm 28C 25 days on skins, 15m old oak

Regions - Mendoza

Laterals - Syrah, Cab…

Marker - wild strawberries and balsamic vinegar acidity

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9
Q

Loire Cabernet Franc

A

Entry level - £12 2023 12.5% no oak

Premium - £60 (with age) 13% destem, 18 to 25 days on skins, 18m barrel vs min int, poss stinky

Chinon - mineral, pencil lead, red peppers, violet
Bourgueil - more tannin, muscular, darker fruit
Saumur-Champigny - lighter body fruity

Laterals - Cool climate Malb, Gamay

Marker - floral, leafy, cedary

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10
Q

ROW Cabernet Franc

A

Entry level - £10 2024 14.5%

Premium - £35 2020 14% Fr oak, 14 days on skins, 14m barrel 30% new

Regions - Stellenbosch, Mendoza California (more extractive)

Laterals - Carmenere, Malb, Gam

Marker - pencil shavings/cedary but not CS

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11
Q

Haut-Medoc

A

1GCC - 18-24m new oak, 80-90% Cab, 13-14% £500+ (3xPa, 1xM, 1xPe)
2GCC - 60% Cab, 13.5%, 18m oak 60% new, £175 (4x M, 5x St J, 2x Pa, 2 x St E)
3GCC - 55% Cab, 13.5%, 16-18m oak 60% new, £75 (10x M, 2 x St H, 1 x St E, 1x Haut)
4GCC - 76% Cab, 13%, 15m oak 60% new, £70 (4 x St.J, 1 x Pa, 2 x M, 1 x St E, 1x Haut)
5GCC - 76% Cab, 14%, 18m oak 60% new, £55 (12 x Pa, 2 x M, 3 x Haut, 1 x St E)
Cru Bourgeois - 50% Cab, 13%, 12m oak, 35- 40% new, £15-30

(If in doubt 2 or 4 have all medoc communes)

St-Estephe - dry finish, more notable tannin, mineral, austere (2, 3, 4, 5)
Pauillac - muscular, yet fruit wrapped tannins, cigar box, pencil shavings (1st or 5th, not 3rd)
St Julien- benchmark, linear (2,3 ,4 not 1 or 5)
Margaux - softer tannins, more perfume (2, 3 any poss)
Pessac-Leognan - mid-palate richness (more Merlot), yet Cab tannins, ashy (only 1GCC)

Marker - density of tannin, compact

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12
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon - other Europe

A

S France - eg Mas de Daumas Gassac, 76% Cab (ish), plus loads of others. 13-14%, 12-15m oak, 1-7yr old. £40. Also cheap Languedoc Cab £10

Tuscany - Eg Sondraia Bolgheri, Destem, soft press, ferm SS 28-30C 12-15 days, Fr oak barrique 70% new, 22m, 15% £80

Penedes - eg Torres Mas La Plana, SS ferm 15-25 days skins, 18 Fr oak 67% new, 14.5%. £55

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13
Q

Premium Cabernet Sauvignon ROW

A

Stellenbosch/Paarl eg Vergelegen GVB - 71% Cab, 24m oak 100% new, 14%, £35 - most European style

Hawkes Bay eg Te Mata Coleraine, 56% Cab, 14%, 17m oak £75 vs £35 for Awatea - ripe fruit with distinct leafy herbaceous notes

Washington - not Napa gloss, but with ripeness, less green than NZ, SA, Chile (some very premium £200+)

Cachapoal - warm, sheltered, riper examples, not noted for quality

Colchagua (es Apalta) - Eg Lapostelle Apalta £30 (more Carm for top end)

Maipo (esp Puente Alto) - eg Vinedo Chadwick 100% Cab, 22m, 75% new oak £270. But starts at £15. Most Bordeaux like of Chile

Aconcagua - Sena 60%, 22m Fr oak £120, Errazuriz Don Max. £65. More Mlb and Carm in blend?

Mendoza - more mid-range than superpremium - feels less likely than other countries. Should have density of colour and riper tannins

Margaret River - Eg Cullen Diane, skin 10-30 days, barrel matured 13m, 50% new, £100, Leeuwin 22m 50% new, £60 - more Bdx than Coonwarra, but more powerful than SA, less glossy than Napa, sometimes herbal like Coonwarra, but more tightly structured

Coonawarra - 14m, 41% new, 14%. Distinctly herbal, tannis more fine than MR, less rich than Barossa

Napa - 48hr cold soak, daily pumpovers, SS ferm, 16m 40% new FR/Am, premium £80-200+. Glossy, ripe, best are well balanced, less good have more alc and fruit sweetness

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14
Q

Carignan

A

S France (Corbieres, Languedoc), Priorat, Chile, Lebanon

Entry level - £10 single GV or blend, SS 13%

Mid-range - £20 single GV or blend, village S Fr, VIGNO chile, 13-13.5%, small proportion new oak

Premium - £45 (Musar - CS, Cinsault), blend, 12m oak, age, 14%

Laterals - S, Cab

Marker - rustic/grippy tannins, sour black fruit

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15
Q

Carmenere

A

Cachapoal (Puemo for premium), Colchagua (Apalta for prem), Maipo, Central Valley, Italy (?), Bdx blend

Entry level - £10, 13.5-14%, poss 3 months staves

Mid-range - £15? 14.5%, 12m old oak

Premium - £60 (Puemo, Apalta), 14.5%, 16m oak

Laterals - CS, CF

Marker - herbaceous (green pepper, green beans, jalapeno, roasted pepper), yet ripe

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16
Q

Cinsault

A

Languedoc/Rhone/Provence, SA, Chile, Lebanon

Entry-level - £10 - rose or S Rhone blends, SA, 13.5%

Mid-range - £18-20, 12.5-14%, Fr oak poss/whole bunch, blend or single GV SA, Chile

Premium - £50 13%, SA, Cab mac/whole bunch, old oak,

Laterals - Gren, PN

Marker - sweet and savoury, rosehip

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17
Q

Corvina

A

Valpolicella, Bardolino

Entry level - £9, 12.5%, SS

Mid-range - £20 ripasso 2019 14%, £25 Amarone 15% 2020

Premium - £40 ripasso 15.5% 2018, slavonian oak,
£60 Amarone 2018 15-17%, recioto

Laterals - fresh grapes - Barbera, CF, dried grapes - Zin, Aglianico

Marker - leafy vs dried/cooked + high alc

Blend with - Molinara, Rondinella

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18
Q

Dolcetto

A

Alba, Asti, Dogliani, Cali

Entry level - £12, Asti, 13%

Premium - £30, Alba, Dogliani, 13-14%, 2022-23, poss oak

Laterals - Montepulciano

Marker - sour black cherry, rustic tannin, not much oak

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19
Q

Dornfelder

A

Pfalz, Rheinhessen, Wurtemburg, UK

Entry level - £12-£15, UK or Ger, gen SS or old oak

Premium - ?

Laterals - CF, Corvina

Marker - green and bitter, deep colour

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20
Q

Gamay

A

Beaujolais, Burgundy, Loire, Savoie, Switzerland

Entry level - £10 Cab mac

Mid-range - £18-20 - partial whole bunch, oak 20%, 14%, 2021

Premium - £80 (cult), whole bunch, 10-18m old oak, 2023

Laterals - PN, S, Gren, Malb

Markers - perfume, red fruit, fine tannin

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21
Q

Beaujolais villages

A

Brouilly - Most southerly cru, riper, not best qual
Cote de Brouilly - Floral, peppery, vibrant structured
Regnie - Ripe cherry, aromatic, round, balanced
Chiroubles - Highest, fresh, delicate, floral
Chenas - Black fruit, peony, mellow tannin
Julienas
Saint Amour - Light easy drinking to powerful and complex

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22
Q

Grenache Rhone crus

A

CNDP - range of styles and qualities
Entry level - £20 14,5%
Mid-range - £50, 15%, 2019/20, 1 yr oak
Premium - £100, 2000-12, 13.5-15%

Gigondas - CNDP style - lacking some aromatics and concentration
Vacqueyras - typically more Mourvedre, more earthy

Entry level £20
Premium - £50 gen old oak

Lirac/Plan di dieu - generally mid-range
Tavel - rose

Entry level - £15
Premium - £30

Laterals - S Fr, Sp

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23
Q

Garnacha Spain

A

Priorat - also Carinena, CS, M
Entry level - £20, 2019-21, 14-15%, 1 yr oak
Mid-range - £50, 60% Garn 40% Car vs int GVs, 14-15%, 2018
Premium - £100+ 13.5-14.5%, single Car/singl Gren/blend, old oak vs 20 months barrique

Navarra
Entry level - £10
Mid-range £20 14.5%, cold mac, 10m Fr oak
Premium - ? £50

Sierra de Gredos
Entry level - £20, 14.5%, SS and concrete
Mid-range - £40, single vineyard? 14%, 2021, large old oak 1 yr
Premium - £100

Rioja - some single GV, mostly blend

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23
Q

Grenache ROW

A

Barossa Valley/McLaren Vale
Entry level - GSM - £11
Premium - old vines £60, 14%, old hogshead 24m

California (Napa, Sonoma, Paso Robles)
Entry level - inc white Grenache £6
Premium - £50+
Cult - Sine qua non - min £350

Stellenbosch
Entry level £10
Premium - £40 - some new wave, minimal 12%

Sardinia (Cannonau) - £12-30

Laterals - PN, Cinsault

Marker - soft ‘structureless’ tannin, amaro esp Aus, wb poss

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24
Graciano
Rioja, poss USA, Aus £60 - single vineyard, 2019, 13.5%, 16m Fr (72), Am 28%) Laterals - Tempranillo, Syrah Marker - Perfume, fine, tight tannin
25
Grignolino
Piemonte (Asti) Entry level - £13 2014 13% Premium £30? - 2018, 14.5%, Laterals - Nebb Marker - harsher tannin, leafy
26
Lagrein
Trentino Alto Adige Entry level - £12, 13% little oak Premium - £35, 14%, 2021, Laterals - Syrah, Blaufrankisch Marker - sour plums, grass, bitter cherries, dark choc, med tannin, reductive
27
Malbec
Cahors, Arg (Chile, Aus, NZ, SA, S Fr) Arg Entry level - £8, 12.5-13%, 6m oak (staves?), 6-8 days skins, 23-26C Mid-range - £30, 13.5%, 2020, 18m oak Premium - £60+, 14.5%, 2016, 60% new oak, subregion/single vyd Cahors Entry level - £10 Premium - £40, 12.5-14%, 2017, 12m oak Laterals - CS, S, Carignan, Tannat Marker - blue fruit, perfume, chewy 'lockjaw' tannin
28
Mencia
Bierzo, Ribeira, Valdeorras, Dao, Aus Entry level - £10, 14%, 2022 Mid-range £20, 13.5%, 2021, old oak Premium - £100+ (Palacios) 2016+, 13.5%
29
Right bank
St Emilion - min 6m, £10-15, 2021, 13.5% St Emilion GC - min 20m Entry level £20, 18/19, 12m oak, 14.5% Mid-range - £50, lesser estate or 2nd wine, 18/19, 14.5% Premium - £150+ (probably 1GCCB? 1GCCB - £60 (2nd wine),£100+ 1GCCA - £350 + Pomerol Entry level - £30, 14.5%, 2020 Mid-range - £60 Premium - £200+ 13.5-14.5%, from 2021, Satellites - Entry level - £10 Premium - £30 Laterals - Medoc, Rhone? Marker - graphite, pencil shavings, leafy with softer fruity tannins
30
Merlot ROW
Most ripe Languedoc Tuscany (Bolgheri) Napa - benchland Medocino Sonoma Valley Dry Creek Valley Washington Maipo Cachapoal Colghagua Maule Curico Mendoza Uruguay Stellenbosch Paarl Less ripe Hawke's Bay Constantia Margaret River Trentino Alto Adige Napa - mountain Okanagan Valley Laterals - CS, Malb, Temp Marker - plus texture, smooth, fruit coated tannin
31
Montepulciano
Abruzzo Entry level - £8, 12.5%, SS, 2022 Mid-range - £25, 14% 2021 Premium - £80, 13.5%, 2022, ferm oak Laterals - other Italian (Barbera, Corvina, Dolcetto), Merlot, Syrah Marker - plummy, ripe tannin, sour fruit
32
Mourvedre
Blend - S Rhone, S Fr, Spain, Aus, SA, Chile Single varietal - Bandol, Yecla, Jumilla Bandol (can be blend, Gren, Cins, S) Entry level - £25, 14%, old oak, 2021 Mid-range £46 Premium - £70 2016 (£150 for library vintage), 15%, little oak, destem, concrete for 3-4 weeks, large oak for 18m Jumilla Entry level - £10, 2023, 14%, SS, Am oak poss, Mid-range - £25 2022, 14.5-15% Premium - ? Laterals - South Africa, Syrah, Tempranillo Marker - meaty, coarse/rustic tannin, high alc
33
Nebbiolo
Piemonte (Langhe Alba, Barbaresco, Ghemme, Roero), Valtellina, Aus (Yarra, Adelaide Hills), USA (Virginia), Mexico Barbaresco Entry level - £20, 2019 14.5%, 2020, 14% Mid-range - £60, Premium - £120+, 2018 and older Langhe Entry level - £13, 2023, 14% Mid-range - £30, 2022, 14% Premium - £60, 13.5% 2020 Australia £50, 2022, 25 days skins, 24m large old oak Virginia - £40+ Mexico - £20 (La Cetto, Baja California) Laterals - Sang, Nerello Mascalese, Xinomavro Marker - grippy tannin, pale colour, rose and tar
34
Barolo
Entry level - £20, 2019, 14% Mid-range - £60, 2019, ferm 30C, 20-25 days, 30m large old oak, barrique poss Premium - £100+, 2018, 14.5-15%, Communes Serralunga - weighty La Morra - silky, appealing Castigliona Faletto - finesse, power Verduno Monforte - firm, long lived
35
Negroamaro
Puglia, Salice Salentino Entry level - £10, 12-13.5%%, 2023, large old oak Mid-range - £20, 2022, 15%, poss blend with Primitivo Premium - £40, 14.5% 2018, little oak 12m Fr tonneau, dried grapes Laterals - Primitivo, other It Marker - dark, bitter, medicinal, baked
36
Nerello Mascalese
Etna Entry level - £18, 2021, 13% Mid-range - £50, 2021, 14.5%, Fr oak barrique and tonneau 14-18m, SS 26-28C Premium - £100+, 2018, 14.5%, prephylloxera, SS 25C, 24m large oak, 12m bottle Laterals - Nebbiolo, Sangiovese Marker - riper fruit and tannin than Nebb, poss more colour
37
Nero d'Avola
Sicily Entry level - £8, 13% ferm 10 days 25-26C, stored SS Mid-range - £15, 13.5%, 14 days ferm SS, 6m used barrique, 4m bottle (14% appassimento style, 18m oak) Premium - £25, 14% 2019, ferm SS, 12m Fr and Am Laterals - S, other It Marker - red black fruit, ripe tannin?
38
Pais
Maule, Bio-Bio entry level - £10, 14%, 2020 Laterals - PN, Cinsault Marker - rustic tannin, animal aromas
39
Petit Verdot
Chile, Aus, USA (Virginia), Bdx, Mallorca, SA, It, Uruguay. Often blended - CS, M, Sang, Malb, CF Entry level - £10 Premium - £40, 14.5% 2020, 18m Fr oak Laterals - Malb, Alicante Bouschet, Tannat Marker - purple, spicy, chewy tannin
40
Petite Sirah
California, Lodi, Aus, Mexico, Arg, Brazil. Aka Durif. Blend w Zin etc Entry level - £15 Premium - £80 2022, 15%, 18m oak, 20% new, 80% Fr Laterals - Syrah, Malb Marker - looseknit tannin, perfume
41
Pinot Noir - Burg
Entry level - £20, 13% Mid-range - £40 village, 13.5%, 20-25% new oak Premium - 1er/GC - £80+ (more for Chambolle, Vosne) 13.5-14.5%, 4-6 days cold soak, poss 25% wb, 3-4 weeks on skins, 30-25% new oak 16-18m Village funnels Pommard, NSG, Gevrey - Pommard more black fruit and tannic/structured, NSG more earthy/highest tannins-needs time, Gevrey more rich/muscular Volnay, Chambolle, Beaune - Chambolle more floral, Volnay more silky/fragrant/perfumed, Beaune more fresh
42
Pinot Noir - Europe
Alsace Entry level - £12, 2023, 13.5% Mid-range - £25 Premium - £50, 13.5%, 2018, Marker - ripe, but not elegant Sancerre Entry level - £20, 13.5%, 2022 Mid-range - £40, 13.5%, 2021 Premium - £75 2019, 13.5-14%, SS or oak ferm, 16 days on skins, 18m oak, poss aged terracota Marker - herbal? mineral/chalky Germany Entry-level - £10, 12.5%, 2022 Mid-range - £30 Premium - £60 GG, 14-14.5%, 2019 Marker - poss smoky oak, savoury Italy Entry-level - £15 12-12.5% 2022 no oak (Veneto) Mid-range - £30, 13.5-14%, 2021, Alto Adige, Friuli Premium - £75 (Antinori, Umbria) 14.5% 2021 Marker - VA?, light body, high acid S Fr, Romania - £10 Austria - £40 Switzerland - £80
43
Pinot Noir - ROW
Riper Casablanca Valley - jammy Leyda Valley - lifted aromatics Aconcagua Martinborough - elegant, ripe, more body Central Otago - darker colour and fruit, yet high acid Carneros - softer acid, more weight RRV - darker fruit, cola, oaky Med ripe Adelaide Hills - clarity of fruit, often wb Walker Bay Hemel en Aarde Oregon - supple, cherry pie, drier tannin Sonoma Coast - perfumed, sweet fruit Yarra Valley - velvety, often wb Mornington Peninsula - amaro, brooding Tasmania - NZ-esque, lighter Marlborough - ripe but mellow Less ripe Patagonia - crisp yet ripe Santa Barbera - bright fruit, restraint Canada - super high acid Laterals - Grenache, Cinsault Marker - moderate, yet firm tannins, sometimes supple
44
Pinotage
South Africa (Aus, NZ) Poss Cape Blend (Coffee/choc/rose) Entry level - £10, 14%, 2022 Mid-range - £25 2020, 13.5%, 9m oak, 14% new Premium - £40, 2021, 13.5%, ferm 28C with pnch days, 3 days on skins, 18m Fr oak 80% new Laterals - Blaufrankisch, Syrah, Tempranillo Marker - smoky, Bdx like tannins, sweet red/black fruit
45
Sagrantino
Umbria (Montefalco) Entry level - £20, 2015, 14% Mid-range - £40m 2020, 15.5%, 15 days ferm SS 27Cm 16m Fr oak, 8m bottle Premium - £70, 2018, 24m Fr oak Laterals - Aglianico, other It Marker- super tannic
46
Saperavi
Georgia (Kakheti), Moldova, Bulgaria, Australia Entry level - £12, 2023, 13% ferm in qvevri Premium - £30 2021, 13.5%, ferm qvevri 20 days, 18-24m Fr oak, unfiltered Laterals - Syrah, Temp Marker - rustic tannin, wild fruit, spice
47
Sangiovese
Tuscany, Aus (McLaren Vale, King Valley), USA (Napa, Sonoma) Entry level - £8, 2022, 13%, SS Mid-range - £25 2021, 13-14%, poss with CS and M, Premium - £60 202114-114.5%, 20 days skins 28-30C, 14-16m Fr oak 25% new CC - delicate, violet, nervy/thick tannin Brunello - amaro, less acid, dry firm tannin Vino Nobile - riper fruit, more diffuse tannin Laterals - Nebbiolo, Nerello Mascalese, S Rh for riper style? Marker - sour red fruit, herbal, grippy tannins, pale-med colour
48
Schiava
Trentino Alto Adige, Germany (aka Vernatsch, Trollinger) £30, 2021, 13%, little oak Laterals - Corvina, PN Marker - less supple tannins, more weedy than other thin skin varieties
49
Tannat
Madiran (blend with CS, CF, Fer), Uruguay Entry level - £10, 2024, 13%, no oak Mid-range - £30, 2019, 13.5-14%, 12m oak Premium - £50, 2011, 14%, 30m (Pisano) Laterals - Malb, CS Marker - chunky tannin, earthy, not FF
50
Syrah - N Rhone
Entry level - £20 (Crozes, St Jo), poss some wb, old oak/concrete Mid-range - £50 (Crozes, St Jo, Colline Rhodanniennes high end, mid Cornas, entry level Hermitage, Cote Rotie), 14 days skins, new oak poss Premium - £80 10-20% new oak, 18m
51
Syrah ROW
Minervois - blend, v.ripe, little oak SE Aus - RS, generic, sweet fruit Barossa Valley - dark choc, velvety tannin Eden Valley - focussed black fruit Clare Valley - dark red fruit McLaren Vale - mocha Margaret River Heathcote - aromatic, restrained Hunter Valley -gentle, peppery Canberra - co-ferm Viog Hawkes Bay - peppery yet fruit led Stellenbosch - rich Swartland - fresher Napa Valley - ripe, oaky Sonoma Coast Paso Robles - rhone blends Yakima Valley - mulberry, bacon fat, big Central Valley Maipo Valley Colchagua Valley - ripe, warm styles Cachapoal Valley Elqui Valley - aromatic, restrained Laterals - Malb, M, Zin, Temp Marker - rotundone, sandy/grainy tannin on tongue
52
Tempranillo
Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Toro, Navarra, McLaren Vale, Barossa, Paso Robles Rioja Entry level - £10, 13% poss wb, unoaked Mid-range - £20 (reserva), 12m Fr/Am Premium - £50, 14.5%, 2015-20, destem, skins 14 days, ss ferm, 16-24m oak 50% new, (modern styles less oak ~12m) Older vints/icons £100+ Laterals - CS (RdD), Syrah (Rioja), Malb (USA) Marker - chalky/dusty tannins on cheeks, savoury dry finish, supply texture
53
Teroldego
Trentino Entry level - £15, 2021, 13% (blend with Lagrein), 6m old oak Premium - £50, 2020, 14.5%, dried grapes, 30m large Slavonian oak Laterals - Lagrein, Blaufrankisch, Pinotage, Syrah Marker - earthy, bitter cherry, rustic tannin
54
Touriga Nacional
Portugal (Douro, Dao, Alentejo), SA, Arg, Aus Entry level - £12 (blend), 14.5%, 2020, no oak Mid-range - £25, 14.5%, 2020 (blend), ferm 20-25, 10-12 days skns, lagar and ss, 20m oak 50% new Premium - £60, 14.5%, 2019, destem, ferm SS, 18m Fr oak Laterals - CS, Malb, Syr Marker - Smooth tannin, purity of fruit, perfume
55
Trincadeira
Portugal (Douro, Dao, Alentejo), aka Tinta Amarela £10-20, part of blend (Syrah, Aragonez, AB), 14%, 2022, 12m oak Laterals - AB, Syrah, Temp Marker - spice, soft tannin, high alc
56
Trousseau
Jura, Portugal (aka Bastardo) £40-50, 12.5-13.5%, 2022-23, destem, 3 wks skins SS, aged in tank/barrel/amphora Laterals - Gamay, PN, CF Marker - wild, funky, minimal, animal
57
Xinamavro
Naoussa Entry level - £12, 13%, 2021 Mid-range - £25, 13.5%, 2019, 3 days cold soak, 2 week ferm in SS at 28C, 12-14m oak 20% new Premium - £60, 13%, 2017, 2 day cold soak, 30-40 days skins in large oak, 12-24m in 500l old oak, 12+m bottle Laterals - Nebbiolo, Sangiovese Marker - black olive, riper fruit, rounder tannins
58
Zweigelt
Niederosterreich, Burgenland, Weinviertal Entry level - £10, 12- 3.5%, 2023, SS poss small % oak Mid-range - £20, 12.5%, 2021, 2wks on skins, 24m old oak Laterals - Italian (Corvina, Barbera), Gamay Marker - often some funk
59
Zinfandel
California (Napa, Sonoma, Lodi), Puglia (poss appassimento), Manduria Entry level - £10 Mid-range - £20, 14.5% 2021, 6-12m oak Premium - £40 (gen old vine, field blend), 14.5-15.5% 2021, 14m Fr/Am 15-20% new Laterals - Malb, Merl, Amarone Marker - blue fruit, sweet/confected, supple tannin

Benchmarks (5 decks)

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