Red Tigers: Head and Neck (Mostly clinical notes) Flashcards
1
Q
Accessory Nerve innervates?
A
Trapezius
2
Q
External Jugular catheterization is done in what part of the respiratory cycle :
A
Inspiration
3
Q
The ansa cervicalis innervates all of the ff. except
A
Geniohyoid
4
Q
A deep cut to the SCM will most definitely cut what adjacent muscle
A
Platysma
5
Q
Abducent nerve: eyeball movement
A
Eyeball moves laterally
6
Q
Eye movement: Trochlear n
A
Eyeball moves downward lateral
7
Q
Eyeball movement: Oculomotor n
A
Eyeball moves upward, downward, medial
8
Q
Cutaneous branch of cervical plexus except
A
Ansa Cervicalis (part of the Muscular Branch)
9
Q
Exposure of these muscles for removal of nontoxic goiter
A
Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid, Sternocleidomastoid
10
Q
Mixed nerve except
A
abducens (motor only)
11
Q
1st part of subclavian artery:
A
Vertebral artery and Internal thoracic artery
12
Q
Phrenic nerve is what type of nerve?
A
mixed
13
Q
Cleft palate surgery is done at __ months
A
At 12 to 18 months
14
Q
Transmits olfactory n. from nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb
A
Cribriform plates
Note: CN 1 is the only nerve that passes in the anterior cranial fossa
15
Q
Can be seen and palpated when acting unilaterally to flex and rotate head to one side, so that ear approach shoulder and chin turns in the opposite direction
A
Sternocleidomastoid
16
Q
Fascia of the platysma-
A
Investing fascia
17
Q
Veins which are responsible for an infection in the scalp to go intracranially
A
Emissary veins
18
Q
What articulates with the hyoid bone?
A
It does not articulate with any bone
19
Q
External jugular vein-
A
Useful for assessment of venous filling with patient sitting @ 30 degree
20
Q
Superior orbital fissure transmits-
A
CN 3, 4, 5(V1), and 6
21
Q
Occurs in infants due to a fibrous tissue in the SCM that may have developed due to difficult labor
A
Congenital Torticollis
22
Q
Danger zone of the scalp-
A
Loose areolar tissue
23
Q
Five Branches of facial nerve for facial expression
A
Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular and Cervical
24
Q
Infection can spread in this space and inferiorly into the mediastinum-
A
Retropharyngeal space
25
Trigeminal neuralgia-
Characterized by episodes of intense pain lasting a few sec in areas innervated by CN5 (usuallly mandibular n.)
26
Distribution of relaxed skin tension lines-
Kraissl's lines
27
The most frequent carried out method for face lift surgery-
SMAS (superficial musculoaponeurotic system)
28
A severe form of cervico-fascial infection/ cellulitis
Ludwig's angina
29
The cervical dome of the pleura is _____ to the scalenus anterior
Posterior
30
Thyroid cancer would most likely spread/metastasize to which lymph nodes?
Tracheal lymph nodes
31
A. 65 y.o. female has had a tracheostomy for 2 yrs now. she suddenly had copious/massive bleeding from the tracheostomy. what vessel is involved?-
Inferior thyroid artery
32
A 10 y.o. child has an ext ear infection. which group of lymph nodes would ultimately be most involved?
Mastoid nodes
33
What is the action of the thyrohyoid?
Depress the hyoid bone
34
A 15 y.o. boy playfully choked his friend who transiently lost consciousness for 5 seconds. what is responsible for the fainting?-
Carotid sinus
35
Which vessel forms part of the circle of willis?
Internal carotid artery
36
Which branch of the vagus nerve supplies the Cricothyroid muscle?
Ext. Laryngeal branch
37
During a thyroid surgery, one must carefully ligate which vessels?
Inferior thyroid vessels
38
What nerve is closely related to the lower border of the post belly of the digastric m?
Hypoglossal n.
39
To determine if an anterior neck mass is part of the thyroid gland, you must ask your patient to:
Swallow
40
A patient with a goiter may present with symptoms of:
Difficulty of breathing
41
Unilateral injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve will result to:
Hoarseness
42
A complication that may be associated with thyroid surgeries is a metabolic disturbance in the serum levels of:
Calcium
43
A 35 y.o. vendor was struck in the r. temporal region with a bat. a hematoma developed in the same area. what vessels would be most likely involved?-
Superior temporal vessels
44
What divides the subclavian v. into 3 parts?
Scalenus anterior
45
Bleeding from the upper limb may be controlled by compression of this structure in the neck. what is this structure?
Subclavian artery
46
Which branch of the vagus nerve supplies the Cricothyroid muscle?
Ext. Laryngeal branch
47
To avoid injury to the recurrent laryngeal n during a thyroid surgery, one must carefully ligate which vessels?
Inferior thyroid vessels
48
35 y.o. vendor was struck in the r. temporal region with a bat. a hematoma developed in the same area. what vessels would be most likely involved?
Superior temporal vessels
49
Bleeding from the upper limb may be controlled by compression of this structure in the neck. what is this structure?
Subclavian artery.
50
An open biopsy 1.5cmx1.5cm lymph node on the r. post. triangle of the neck was performed. 3 months later the patient complained he could hardly shrug his r. shoulder. what was injured during the biopsy?
Accessory n .
51
A 35 y.o. obese patient came to the emergency room with purplish face and with difficulty of breathing after eating seafood marinara. she was allergic to shrimps. endotracheal intubation was attempted 4 ties but failed due to severely swollen vocal cords and epiglottis. an emergency tracheostomy is to be performed by you. to encounter less bleeding, which incision would you make on the neck? transverse, about the level of the cricothyroid membrane A nontoxic goiter was surgically removed. to have a better exposure, some muscles have to be cut. what are these muscles?.
Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid, Sternocleidomastoid.
52
What fascial space is involved in Ludwig’s angina?
Submandibular space
53
A deep incised wound that cuts the sternocleidomastoid m would also absolutely injure what adjacent m?
Platysma
54
What is involved in congenital torticollis?
Sternocleidomastoid m
55
A 40 y.o. male patient with HIV developed a dental abscess from a carious molar. after 3 weeks the patient developed high grade fever, severe chest pain, and difficulty of breathing. a chest xray revealed a widened mediastinum w/ min free air in the sup. mediastinum indicating mediastinitis. are the 2 infections interrelated?
The dental infection spread via the fascial planes and spaces, later entering the retropharyngeal space, eventually gaining access to the mediastinum.
56
What is the nerve supply to the omohyoid?
Ansa cervicalis.
57
What nerve supplies the carotid sinus?
Glossopharyngeal n.
58
What v. drains into the external jugular v.?
Ant jugular v.
59
These nerves are responsible for the general sensation of the nasal cavity, EXCEPT
Olfactory nerve
| Smell is a SPECIAL sense. General sensation is governed by the CN V1
60
What nerve goes together with Parotid duct/Stensen’s duct
Facial nerve (buccal branch)
61
Buccal branch of the facial nerve supplies _____ while Buccal nerve of the trigeminal (V3) supplies _____
CN VII supplies buccinator muscle (motor) while CN V3 supplies skinof the cheek (sensory)
62
Muscle for Grimace
Risorius m.
63
Where does maxillary sinus drain?
Middle meatus
64
Nasal septum is composed of the ff except-
Nasal bone. (septal cartilage, vomer, ethmoid bone only)
65
What opens into the Inferior meatus
Nasolacrimal duct
66
Lies deep in the parotid gland
Internal Carotid A.
67
Where does chorda tympani arise?-
CN VII, Facial nerve
68
Roof of the middle ear
Tegmen tympani
69
Anterolateral surface is related to the roots of the upper molar and premolar in front of the face.
Maxillary Sinus
70
Membranous labyrinth is filled with-
Endolymph
71
Spread of infection in the roof of the ear could produce-
Meningitis
72
The parotid gland opens in the-
Opposite the 2nd upper molar.
73
Parotid duct pierces through-
Buccinator muscle
74
Forms the umbo
Malleus
75
What nerve is involved in Frey's syndrome?
Auricolotemporal/auricutemporal nerve (and great auricular nerve)
76
Which is located within the temporal fossa-
Auriculotemporal nerve
77
In a normal otoscopy, tympanic membrane must be-
Depressed concave
78
```
One day history of left sided weakness, facial palsy paralysis. What are the muscles affected?
A. Buccinator
B. Orbicularis oris
C. Dep anguli oris
D. A and b
E. All of the above
```
E. All of the above
79
Wound gaping open. Which part of the scalp is affected that prevents vessel retraction?
Aponeurosis
80
What vessel is not the cause of nosebleeding in the anterior part of the nasal septum-
Sphenopalatine artery
81
Dr. Marqeux must remember that she should follow the incisions to the face except.
Incision to the skin requires circular pattern
82
Dr. examined an 18 y.o student with slight swelling in the upper lip, ecchymosis present at buccal sulcus beneath the zygomatic arch, malocclusion and mobility of the teeth. What type of maxillary fructure?-
Le fort I
83
What accompanies the superior thyroid artery?
Superior laryngeal nerve
84
Terminal branches of the external carotid artery-
Superficial temporal artery, Maxillary artery
85
Unpaired bone of the face.
Vomer
86
Compresses the lips together.
Orbicularis oris
87
Muscle for smiling-
zygomaticus major
88
Extreme nosebleed which artery is probably affected-
Sphenopalatine artery
89
Nerve supply of the angle of the mandible if not all the parotid gland.
Great auricular nerve
90
Thyroidea ima.
Subclavian artery
91
Look of surprise muscle
Occipitofrontalis
92
What innervates the temporalis muscle?
Trigeminal nerve
93
Parasympathetic secretormotor supply of the parotid gland.
Glossopharyngeal nerve
94
Inferior thyroid artery arises from.
Thyrocervical trunk
95
Superior thyroid artery a branch is a branch of.
External carotid artery
96
All of the following supplies the nose except-
Zygomaticofacial n.
97
Contains emissary veins.
Loose areolar connective tissue
98
Mandibular fossa located:
Temporal
99
Most distinct vision
Macula
100
Thickest wall of the orbit
Lateral
101
Non tendinous ring attachment
Superior oblique
102
Hard palate-
Lateral
103
T2-T6
Retropharyngeal
104
The hyoid bone is noted at which level of the larynx?
Supraglottic level
105
Cross eyed:
Oculomotor and medial rectus
106
Maxillary sinus
Waters view
107
Vitreous
Attached to retina
108
Used to view Atlanto-dental space
odontoid
109
Median structure that can be seen in the cervical spine with mouth open
Dens
110
Most anterior in C4-C6:
Vertebral body
111
Sella turcica:
Middle cranial fossa
112
Pentagon:
Circle of willis
113
CT tapos open mouth-
Dens
114
With lymph nodes:
Parotid gland
115
Maxillary sinus
Water’s view
116
Opthalmic artery-
Branch of internal carotid
117
Lamina papyracea:
Ethmoid bone
118
True of photoreceptors:
No rods in fovea
119
Clear/ distinct vision:
Macula
120
4 out of 6 extraocular muscles
Oculomotor
121
Temporalis muscle found
Masseteric space
122
Not found in the posterior wall
Inferior oblique
123
Occipital view-
Towne’s view AP
124
Eyes to the middle: oculomotor-
Medial rectus
125
Suprahyoid bone
CT Scan
126
Apparent nerve muscle interaction. Cross eyed. object near the nose-
Oculomotor n.- medial rectus m.
127
Which of this is found in the medial wall of the orbit:
Body of the sphenoid
128
Hard palate best seen in
Lateral
129
Cant close eyes-
Damage of facial nerve
130
Innervate 4 out of 6 eye muscle-
Oculomotor
131
Innervates superior oblique-
Trochlear nerve
132
Primary refractory of the eyeball-
Cornea
133
The following cranial nerves are mixed nerves except-
Abducens
134
Cranial nerves that arises from the medulla oblongata except-
Spinal Accessory Nerve (C12345)
135
The structures found in the posterior cranial fossa are except-
Foramen rotundum
136
The ansa cervicalis innervates all the muscles of the neck-
Geniohyoid
137
The branches of the medial cord are except-
Upper Side scapular nerve
138
Terminal branches of the facial nerve except
Nasal Nerve
139
Cranial nerve that arises from the midbrain except-
Trigeminal nerve (pons)
140
Structure found in the middle cranial fossa except-
Internal Acoustic Meatus
141
The following statements are true except-
Cervical plexus is formed by the posterior rami (Anterior Rami)
142
The branches of the lateral cord are except-
Suprascapular nerve
143
Optic nerve all are true except-
All the fibers of the Optic Chiasma cross into the opposite side (Middle fibers)
144
Structures that passes through the superior orbital fissure-
Abducens, Oculomotor, Trochlear, (AOTA)
145
Muscular branch of the cervical plexus are except-
Supraclavicular nerve (cutaneous)
146
Found at the posterior triangle are the following except-
Cords
147
The following cranial nerves are motor nerves-
Hypoglossal, Abducens, Accessory, Trochlear (AOTA)
148
Hypoglossal nerve are true-
Innervates the posterior 3rd, Innervates the stylopharyngous, Innervates Carotid sinuses, Carotid body when stimulated increases HR, RR— NOTA
149
Structures that passes two or more foramina except
Spinal Accessory, Facial, Internal carotid- NOTA
150
The cutaneous branch of your cervical plexus except-
Ansa cervicalis
151
Branches of the posterior chord are except-
radial, upper subscapular, radial, ulnar
152
The following nerves are sensory except-
Vagus nerve (mixed)
153
The cranial nerve that arises between the pons and the medulla oblongata-
Vestibulocochlear, facial, trigeminal(ans), abducens
154
Structures that passes through the jugular foramina except-
Facial nerve (internal acoustic)
155
Phrenic nerve-
Mixed nerve
156
Trochlear nerve turns the eyeball-
Downward and laterally (superior oblique muscle)
157
Mandibular division of the Trigeminal nerve innervates-
Tensor tympani
158
Facial innervates the-
Anterior 2/3 or Anterior 3rd of the tongue
159
Maxillary division of Trigeminal nerve innervates-
Mucus Membrane Secretory Nasal, Nasal Cavity, Mylohoid, Muscle of mastication-NOTA
160
Glossopharyngeal nerve innervates-
Submandibular salivary, Sublingual salivary, Glands of the palate
161
Lacrimal
Parotid
162
Occulomotor nerve turns the eyeball except-
Abducens (Laterally)
163
Vagus nerve innervates-
Intrinsic muscles of the larynx
164
Accessory nerve innervates
Trapezius
165
Ophthalmic division of the Trigeminal nerve innervates except-
A. Cornea,
B. Skin of the eyelid,
C. Skin of the forehead, D. Mucus membrane
E. NOTA
- NOTA (V1)
166
TRUE or FALSE:
Cochlear nerve is for hearing, Vestibular nerve is for sense of position, Both vesticulocochlear exits the skull through the Internal acoustic meatus, Trochlear and Semicircular canal are found in the middle ear
FALSE (Ans: inner ear)
167
Greater auricular nerve innervates
Skin over the angle of the jaw
168
```
Ansa cervicalis innervates the following:
A.Sternohyoid,
B. Omohyoid,
C, Sternothyroid,
D. AOTA
```
AOTA (ans)
169
```
Phrenic nerve
innervates
A. Pericardium,
B. Diaphragm,
C.Pleura,
D. Peritoneum,
E. Central Diaphragm
F. AOTA
```
AOTA
170
Long Thoracic nerve innervates:
Serratus anterior muscle
171
Thoracodorsal nerve innervates:
Latissimus dorsi
172
Lower Subscapular nerve innervates:
Teres major
173
Found at the level of the axillary artery:
Chords
174
Muscular branch of the cervical plexus:
Ansa cervicalis
175
Cutaneous branch of cervical plexus
Transverse cervicalis
