Red flags Flashcards
1
Q
What are the red flags for the spine?
A
Age of onset <20 or >55 Trauma Constant, progressive, non-mechanical pain Hx of cancer Steroids Drug abuse/ HIV Feeling unwell Unexplained weight loss Widespread neurology Structural deformity
2
Q
What are red flags for cauda equina?
A
urinary retention loss of anal spinster tone saddle anaesthesia widespread or progressive weakness in legs or gait disturbance erectile dysfunction
3
Q
What are red flag for inflammatory disorders?
A
gradual onset marked morning stiffness persisting limitation of ROM in all peripheral joint/ tendon involvement iritis/ skin irritation/ colitis family Hx
4
Q
Describe underlying CAD pathology
A
Endothelial atherosclerosis Trauma Connective tissue abnormalities Temporal arteritis Upper cervical instability
5
Q
Give the risk factors for CAD?
A
HTN Diabetes High BMI Family history of CVD Direct vessel trauma Smoking
6
Q
What are the S+S for CAD?
A
5Ds - dizziness, drop attack, diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia
3Ns - nystagmus, nausea, numbness
Cerebral or cerebella signs
7
Q
List the risk factors for cervical instability
A
Whiplash Spondylyosis RA Down syndrome Tonsilitis Nasopharyngitis
8
Q
What are the subjective signs and symptoms of cervical instability?
A
Feeling of instability Neck/shoulder pain Symptoms of VBI/CAD Episodes of locking Chronic headaches Lump in throat Metallic taste
