Red Flags Flashcards
1
Q
Cancer
A
sub acute insidious onset constant, unremitting pain non-mechanical no relief with rest night pain unexplained weight loss unwell associated systemic symptoms past history of cancer family history of cancer age > 50 yrs with first onset cancer risk factors worsening trajectory
2
Q
Infection
A
acute and sub-acute recent open wound post surgery/invasive procedure IDC UTI/recent infection immunosuppressed HIV IV drug use poor social environment fevers rigors night sweats unwell hot at local site
3
Q
Inflammation
A
persistent episodic pain slow, insidious onset morning stiffness morning worst time wake up second half of night eased with activity NSAIDs help helps with heat multi joint involvement hot/swollen peripheral joints family history eye redness psoriasis dry eyes/mouth infection trigger stomach problems associated with joint pain enthesopathies dactilitis stiffness fatigue/fever
4
Q
Inflammation - Temporal Arterlitis
A
older age temporal pain thickened temporal artery visual disturbances jaw claudication tongue pain sensitive scalp tinnitus diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica
5
Q
Fracture
A
post trauma immediate onset of pain central, deep pain high severity pain multidirectional provocation osteoporotic risk factors - increased age, female, low BMI, long term steroid use acute spinal deformity bony tenderness
6
Q
Upper Cervical Instability
A
acute or ongoing problem post UCS trauma/unguarded movement post surgery rheumatoid arthritis downs syndrome Ehlers Danlos syndrome Complain of recurring wry necks Feels unstable clunking with movements lump in throat lip paraesthesia hemi tongue numbness metallic taste nausea cord signs tinnitus
7
Q
Cardiac Risk
A
acute or ongoing aggravated by physical activity eased with rest chest pain discomfort tightness heaviness/pain/discomfort in arm associated shoulder, neck and back pain choking/burning feeling in throat SOB cold sweat with symptoms nausea feel unwell light headed dizziness
8
Q
Neurological (cervical myelopathy)
A
chronic old age may have previous radiculopathy bilateral limb symptoms sock paraesthesia/anaesthesia glove paraesthsia/anaesthesia unsteadiness falls and tripping clumsiness hyperreflexia shingles - severe, non mechancal pain, dermatomal distribution
9
Q
Vertobrobasilar Insufficiency 5Ds
A
dizziness diplopia dysarthria/dysphasia dysphagia drop attacks (collapsing)
10
Q
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency 3Ns
A
nystagmus
nausea
numbness
11
Q
VBI
A
persistent episodic symptoms older population poor CV health risk factors CVD symptoms brought on by sustained neck positions - 5 Ds - 3 Ns
12
Q
Cervical Artery Dissection
A
very acute onset younger population risk factors CVD history of migraines contraceptive pill recent neck trauma recent infection acute onset unfamiliar neck/head pain severe pain feel unwell recent unfamiliar neurological symptoms 5Ds and 3Ns other visual problems hearing problems balance problems gait problems drooping eyelid constricted pupil cranial nerve dysfunction hypertension
13
Q
Horner’s Syndrome
A
drooping eye lid
constricted pupil
loss of hemifacial sweating
