Red Eye Flashcards
Learn about how to approach a red eye
What are the symptoms of a foreign body and traumatic abrasion of the eye?
Acute pain of a scratchy type
Photophobia
Something hitting the eye
What gives the same sensation as foreign body in the eye?
A corneal abrasion
What do vertical abrasions on the cornea hint towards?
They hint towards a foreign body under the eyelid.
That’s why it’s always important to evert the eyelid during examination
What is uveitis?
Inflammation of the ciliary body and or the iris
What does anterior uveitis look like on the eye?
Redness around the edge of the cornea and overlying the ciliary body
Photophobia
Dull ache(Iris stuck to lens because of inflammation)
Keratic precipitates on the inferior corneal endothelium
Hypopyon
What is Keratitis?
Inflammation of the cornea
What may cause Keratitis?
Bacteria, viruses or fungi
What should you be careful of in keratitis??
Prescribing corticosteroids to patients with viral dendritic keratitis
It will result in blindness
What are the the signs and symptoms of Keratitis?
Signs
Hypopyon
Symptoms
Pain of a scratchy type
Photophobia
What are the signs and symptoms of a closed angle glaucoma?
Ciliary injection Acute pain Nausea and vomiting Mid dilated pupil High intraocular pressure
Maybe
Bulging of the iris
A shallow anterior chamber
What are the signs of conjunctivitis?
Usually bilateral
Redness in the conjunctiva and under the eyelids
And depends on the cause of infection
What are the signs of conjunctivitis?
Usually bilateral
Redness in the conjunctiva and under the eyelids
And depends on the cause of infection
What are the causes of Conjunctivitis?
Bacterial, viral or fungal
What does viral conjunctivitis look like
Redeye
Watery discharge
Follicles (lymphoid follicles) on lower eyelid anyway
What does bacterial conjunctivitis look like?
Red eye
Sticky discharge
Lymphoid follicles on lower eyelid
What does gonorrhea look like in the eye?
Copious amounts of sticky discharge
What is episcleritis
Redness involving a section of the conjunctiva, it’s often allergic
What are arc eyes?
It is when welding exposure to strong UV light causes keratitis
What are styes?
Blocked sebaceous glands near a hair follicle
What is blepharitis
It is inflammation of the eyelids which usually results in scaly dandruff around the eyelash bases
What is a pterygium
A triangular benign growth of conjunctiva tissue onto the medial cornea
What is keratoconjunctivitis sicca?
It is dryness of the eyes that causes burning and diffuse mild redness
What are your differentials for a patient with Photophobia??
Foreign body Uveitis Keratitis Acute closed angle glaucoma Corneal edema
What are your differentials for ciliary injection??
Acute glaucoma
Anterior uveitis
Keratitis
Think of it in this way, inflammation results in dilated blood vessels
What other sign should you search for when suspecting viral conjunctivis?
Preauricaluar lymphadenopathy
What does a mid dilated pupil suggest
Acute closed angle glaucoma
What does a irregular pupil suggest
Uveitis
What are the signs of adenoviral conjunctivitis
Sore throat
Fever
Preauricalar lymohadenopathy
Red eye
What are the signs of adenoviral conjunctivitis
Sore throat
Fever
Preauricalar lymohadenopathy
Red eye
What is erythrma multiforme
It is Steven Johnson syndrome
An allergic response to medication that results in severe conjunctivitis with conjunctiva scarring
Opthal ASAP
How do you treat staph aureus Blepharitis
Antibiotic ointment
How do you treat seborrheic blepharitis
With shampoo, get rid of the dandruff
Doxycycline also
What’s the difference between sytes and meibomian cysts
Styes are external in the kids and meibomian cysts are internal.
Styes mean hot compress
Meibomian cysts often require incision
Systemic antibiotics if there is cellulitis as well
How do you approach conjunctivitis treatment
Bacterial swab if it’s severe.
Otherwise just irrigate as it is usually self limiting.
Topical antibiotics may be used to prevent secondary infections
What are the Adverse effects of topical corticosteroids
Cataracts
Increased IOP increasing glaucoma risk
Worsen viral dendritic keratitis
