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Opthalmology > Red Eye > Flashcards

Red Eye Flashcards

Learn about how to approach a red eye

1
Q

What are the symptoms of a foreign body and traumatic abrasion of the eye?

A

Acute pain of a scratchy type
Photophobia
Something hitting the eye

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2
Q

What gives the same sensation as foreign body in the eye?

A

A corneal abrasion

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3
Q

What do vertical abrasions on the cornea hint towards?

A

They hint towards a foreign body under the eyelid.

That’s why it’s always important to evert the eyelid during examination

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4
Q

What is uveitis?

A

Inflammation of the ciliary body and or the iris

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5
Q

What does anterior uveitis look like on the eye?

A

Redness around the edge of the cornea and overlying the ciliary body
Photophobia
Dull ache(Iris stuck to lens because of inflammation)
Keratic precipitates on the inferior corneal endothelium
Hypopyon

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6
Q

What is Keratitis?

A

Inflammation of the cornea

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7
Q

What may cause Keratitis?

A

Bacteria, viruses or fungi

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8
Q

What should you be careful of in keratitis??

A

Prescribing corticosteroids to patients with viral dendritic keratitis
It will result in blindness

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9
Q

What are the the signs and symptoms of Keratitis?

A

Signs
Hypopyon

Symptoms
Pain of a scratchy type
Photophobia

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10
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of a closed angle glaucoma?

A 
Ciliary injection
Acute pain
Nausea and vomiting
Mid dilated pupil
High intraocular pressure

Maybe
Bulging of the iris
A shallow anterior chamber

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11
Q

What are the signs of conjunctivitis?

A

Usually bilateral
Redness in the conjunctiva and under the eyelids
And depends on the cause of infection

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12
Q

What are the signs of conjunctivitis?

A

Usually bilateral
Redness in the conjunctiva and under the eyelids
And depends on the cause of infection

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13
Q

What are the causes of Conjunctivitis?

A

Bacterial, viral or fungal

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14
Q

What does viral conjunctivitis look like

A

Redeye
Watery discharge
Follicles (lymphoid follicles) on lower eyelid anyway

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15
Q

What does bacterial conjunctivitis look like?

A

Red eye
Sticky discharge
Lymphoid follicles on lower eyelid

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16
Q

What does gonorrhea look like in the eye?

A

Copious amounts of sticky discharge

17
Q

What is episcleritis

A

Redness involving a section of the conjunctiva, it’s often allergic

18
Q

What are arc eyes?

A

It is when welding exposure to strong UV light causes keratitis

19
Q

What are styes?

A

Blocked sebaceous glands near a hair follicle

20
Q

What is blepharitis

A

It is inflammation of the eyelids which usually results in scaly dandruff around the eyelash bases

21
Q

What is a pterygium

A

A triangular benign growth of conjunctiva tissue onto the medial cornea

22
Q

What is keratoconjunctivitis sicca?

A

It is dryness of the eyes that causes burning and diffuse mild redness

23
Q

What are your differentials for a patient with Photophobia??

A 
Foreign body
Uveitis
Keratitis
Acute closed angle glaucoma
Corneal edema
24
Q

What are your differentials for ciliary injection??

A

Acute glaucoma
Anterior uveitis
Keratitis

Think of it in this way, inflammation results in dilated blood vessels

25
Q

What other sign should you search for when suspecting viral conjunctivis?

A

Preauricaluar lymphadenopathy

26
Q

What does a mid dilated pupil suggest

A

Acute closed angle glaucoma

27
Q

What does a irregular pupil suggest

A

Uveitis

28
Q

What are the signs of adenoviral conjunctivitis

A

Sore throat
Fever
Preauricalar lymohadenopathy
Red eye

29
Q

What are the signs of adenoviral conjunctivitis

A

Sore throat
Fever
Preauricalar lymohadenopathy
Red eye

30
Q

What is erythrma multiforme

A

It is Steven Johnson syndrome
An allergic response to medication that results in severe conjunctivitis with conjunctiva scarring

Opthal ASAP

31
Q

How do you treat staph aureus Blepharitis

A

Antibiotic ointment

32
Q

How do you treat seborrheic blepharitis

A

With shampoo, get rid of the dandruff

Doxycycline also

33
Q

What’s the difference between sytes and meibomian cysts

A

Styes are external in the kids and meibomian cysts are internal.
Styes mean hot compress
Meibomian cysts often require incision

Systemic antibiotics if there is cellulitis as well

34
Q

How do you approach conjunctivitis treatment

A

Bacterial swab if it’s severe.
Otherwise just irrigate as it is usually self limiting.
Topical antibiotics may be used to prevent secondary infections

35
Q

What are the Adverse effects of topical corticosteroids

A

Cataracts
Increased IOP increasing glaucoma risk
Worsen viral dendritic keratitis

Opthalmology (3 decks)

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