Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

clinical med exam 2 > Red eye > Flashcards

Red eye Flashcards

1
Q

conjunctiva vs sclera

A

conjuntiva

  • mucous membrane; blood supply

sclera

  • fibrous connective tissue; structural rigidity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

problem focused exam: red eye

A
  1. visual acuity
  2. Tonometry
  3. Slit lamp (pen light) exam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

presbyopia

A

age-related focus dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if vision is worse than 20/400, what steps should you take to assess vision?

A
  1. count fingers at given distance
  2. hand motion
  3. light perception
  4. no light perception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tonometry

A
  • measurement of intraocular pressure
  • 0-80 mm Hg (no emergency if < 30)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does slit lamp offer than pen light does not when assessing a lesion

A

depth of lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 big categories of causes of red eye

A
  1. inflammatory (infectious/non-infectious)
  2. Traumatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

questions to ask when assessing red eye

A
  • duration
  • trauma?
  • contact lens use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is blepharitis

A

eyelid inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

clinical presentation

  • chronic itching, burning scratchy
  • worse in AM
  • PE: no vision decrease; erythema, scales
A

blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

management of blepharitis

A
  • warm compress
  • baby shampoo lid scrubs
  • Abx/steroids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

identify

A

pingueculum: a yellowish patch on the white (sclera) of the eye.

  • associated with aging
  • usually no vision loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

identify

A

pterygium: triangular thickening of bulbar conjunctiva that grows slowly across outer surface of cornea usually from nasal side

** may interfere with vision as it reaches pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

clinical presentation

  • acute onset of pain, swelling, and +/- systemic
  • PE: +/- vision decrease; warm, edema, erythema, tender
A

cellulitis

preseptal vs orbital (involvement of extraocular muscles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

blepharitis can contribute to what syndrome

A

dry eye syndrome: deficient aqueous tear production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

clinical presentation

  • chronic itching, burning, scratchy
  • “tired” eyes, esp in PM
  • PE: vision fluctuation; poor tear film, punctate epithelial erosions
A

dry eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

treatment of preseptal or orbital cellulitis

A
  • systemic abx
  • ophthalmology referral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

managment of dry eye

A
  • artificial tears
  • topical cyclosporin
  • punctal plugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

clinical presentation

  • acute onset
  • bilateral
  • itching, burning, soreness
  • mild to severe redness
  • watery discharge
  • URI symptoms; preauricular LAD
A

viral conjunctivitis

20
Q

clinical presentation

  • acute onset
  • unilateral
  • burning, general irritation
  • mod to severe redness
  • mucopurulent dx
  • adherent lids
A

bacterial conjunctivitis

21
Q

clinical presentation

  • chronic (seasonal) onset
  • bilat eyes affected
  • itching
  • mild to mod redness
  • stingy, mucoid dx
  • chemosis
A

allergic conjunctivitis

22
Q

treatment of viral conjunctivitis. duration of symptoms

A
  • tears/ compress vasoconstrictors
  • days to weeks
23
Q

treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. duration of illness

A
  • topical abx +/- systemic abx
  • days to weeks
24
Q

treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. duration of illness

A
  • artificial tears; topical antihistamine
  • weeks to months
25
clinical presentation * acute * asymptomatic * PE: vision unaffected; diffuse red patch \*\* management??
subconjunctival hemorrhage managment: reassurance
26
what is episcleritis/scleritis
inflammation of episcleritis or scleritis tissue; can be associated with systemic autoimmune disease
27
clinical presentation * subacute onset of foreign body sensation/pain * PE: vision usually unaffected * focal injection: scleritis: deep, bluish hue * +/- nodule
episcleritis/scleritis
28
mangement of episcleritis/scleritis
ophthalmology referral
29
clincal presentation * acute onset of pain, FB sensation, epiphora (watery eyes) * PE: +/- vision affected; epithelial defect; fluorscein staining +
corneal abrasion
30
managment of cornal abrasion
* topical lubricant * topical Abx * oral pain meds * **do not give topical anesthetic drops**
31
managment of chemical injury \*\*vision decreased
* **irrigate ASAP** * topical lubricant * refer to ophthalmology
32
managment of corneal foreign body
* remove via irrigation or cotton-tipped aplicator * lubricant/abx * +/- refer to ophthalmology
33
clinical presentation * acute onset of pain * mucous discharge * *contact lens abuse* * PE: vision usually decreased * white infiltrate
keratitis/ corneal ulcer
34
management of keratitis/corneal ulcer
* intensive topical abx * ophthalmology referral
35
keratitis associated with a dendritic pattern. Diagnosis? Treatment?
**HSV** treat with topical antivirals **do not use steroids** **\* refer to ophthalmology**
36
what is included in uveal tissue
* iris; ciliary body; choroid
37
clinical presentation * acute onset photophobia * PE: +/- vision decrease; ciliary flush
iritis/uveitis
38
management for iritis/uveitis
ophthalmology referral
39
hyphema
blood in anterior chamber: trauma to iris or uvea
40
clinical presentation * acute onset pain * photophobia * PE: +/- vision decrease; layered heme
hyphema
41
management of hyphema
* eyeshield * control intraocular pressure * refer to ophthalmology
42
what is acute angle closure glaucoma
acute rise of intraocular pressure due to outflow obstruction (rare in real life)
43
clinical presentation * acute decreased vision * halos around lights * nausea, +/- pain * feeling of pressure * PE: decreased vision; ciliary flush, *steamy cornea*, mid-dilated pupil, narrow anterior chamber
acute angle closure glaucoma
44
management of acute angle closure glaucoma
* ophthalmology referral * topical anti-ocular hypertensives * laser peripheral iridotomy
45
what topical abx is commonly used for eye infections
erythromycin ointment

clinical med exam 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions