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Y4 Opthalmology > Red eye > Flashcards

Red eye Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sight-threatening causes of a red eye?

A
  • Acute glaucoma
  • Anterior uveitis
  • Corneal ulcer, contact lens related red eye and corneal foreign body
  • Neonatal conjunctivitis
  • Trauma
  • Chemical injuries
  • Scleritis
  • Endophthalmitis
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2
Q

What are the general symptoms of conjunctivitis?

A
  • Conjunctival erythema
  • Discomfort
  • Blurring of vision (watering and discharge)
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3
Q

What are the features of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A
  • Purulent discharge

* Eyes may be ‘stuck’ in morning

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4
Q

What are the features of viral conjunctivitis?

A
  • Serous discharge
  • Recent URTI
  • Preauricular lymph nodes
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5
Q

What does fluorescein stain detect?

A

o Detects corneal pathology

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6
Q

What are the common bacterial conjunctivitis pathogens?

A
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Moraxella catarrhalis
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7
Q

What are the rare bacterial conjunctivitis pathogens?

A
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae – hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis
  • Neisseria meningitidis
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8
Q

What is the most common bacteria associated with contact lens associated conjunctivitis?

A

Pseudomonas

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9
Q

What is the management for conjunctivitis?

A
  • Cool compress
  • Chloramphenicol (QID for 1 week)
  • Topical lubricants
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10
Q

What are the common viral conjunctivitis pathogens?

A

Adenovirus

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11
Q

What causes a dendritic ulcer?

A

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) acting on the cornea

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of a dendritic ulcer?

A
  • Ocular pain
  • Irritation
  • Vesicular lesions visible on eyelid
  • Photophobia
  • Redness
  • Watering
  • Blurring of vision
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13
Q

What is the management of a dendritic ulcer?

A

• Topical aciclovir ointment for eye

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14
Q

What is anterior uveitis?

A

Inflammation of the uveal tract which involves the iris, ciliary body, retina and choroid

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15
Q

What are the features of anterior uveitis?

A
  • Blurred vision
  • Red eye
  • Ocular discomfort and pain
  • Photophobia
  • Lacrimation
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16
Q

How do you diagnose anterior uveitis?

A 
Slit-lamp
•	Hypopyon
•	Posterior synechiae (iris stuck to lens)
•	Ciliary flush
•	Small pupil

Snellen
• Visual acuity normal then impaired

17
Q

What is anterior uveitis associated with?

A
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Reactive arthritis
  • UC, Crohn’s disease
  • Behcet’s disease
  • Sarcoidosis (bilateral disease)
18
Q

How do you manage anterior uveitis?

A
  • Cycloplegics (atropine - dilates pupil)

* Steroid eye drops

19
Q

What are the symptoms of keratitis?

A
  • Red eye
  • Pain
  • Photophobia
  • Gritty sensation

Y4 Opthalmology (5 decks)

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