Recycling And Conservation Methods Flashcards
Lord: motivating recycling behaviour
Sample:
140 households in northern Eastern US metropolitan community served by kerbside recycling programme.
Quota sampling ensured sample matched the communities demographic diversity.
A bias towards upmarket suburban neighbourhoods for safety reasons.
57% female 34.9.
Method:
Student assistants observed and recorded the contents of each households recycling and left a message the following day which was either: an advertisement positively or negatively framed, publicity (news article) Positively or negatively framed, or personal influence positively or negatively framed.
Positively framed focuses on personal and social satisfaction from participating in recycling.
Negatively framed describes risks of not recycling.
-questionnaires on participants beliefs on the argument raised by the message and their attitude towards recycling was delivered
Results:
Significant increase from first to second week in number of items recycled and recycling categories. Control group had no significant change.
Those who received positively framed messages expressed more favourable attitudes towards recycling. Personal influence increased recycling behaviour and advertisement was best at improving belief.
Luyben and Bailey
Location: 4 mobile home parks
IV: in 2 mobile home parks, number of recycling bins was increased from 1 to 6.
In the other 2 toys were given to children who recycled newspapers.
DV: number of newspapers recycled
Results: 52% increase in proximity condition and 92% increase in toys (operant conditioning) condition.
Cialdini- social norms
Encouraging guests to reuse towels in hotels. Independent measures design to 260 guest rooms.
3 conditions:
-help the hotel save energy.
-help save the environment
-join your fellow citizens in helping to save the environment
41% reused their towels in the last condition because it demonstrates a social norm.
20% reused in the first condition.
The Yale model of persuasion
Factors involved in persuasive communication:
The source- should come from a credible source who has nothing to gain.
The message- more one sided for the less educated audience. Two sided argument considering both sides for more educated audience will be more persuasive. Use of colour helps.
The recipient- if a person is committed to an existing position and resist change. Smaller attitude changes should be attempted.
The situation- messages communicated in informal situations are more effective than those in formal situations because they have to talk.
Operant
Operant- 1971 Oregon passed the bottle bill where people got 5 cents back when returning bottles. Lead to reduction in litter and improved resource conservation.
Also in Luyben and Bailey
