Recreational drugs

Question 1

what is synaptic transmission?

Answer 1

• messengers are passed from one neuron to another
• information is passed down the axon of the neuron as an electrical impulse - action potential

Question 2

how does action potential work?

Answer 2

• information is passed down the axon of the neuron as an electrical impulse - action potential
• the action potential reaches the end of the axon it needs to be transferred to another neuron

Question 3

how do neurotransmitters and dopamine relate?

Answer 3

• Dopamine is an excitory neurotransmitters
• released from your reward pathway in your brain
• become addicted to the feeling dopamine gives you

Question 4

what is agonist?

Answer 4

Mimics the effect of neutransmitters, they bind to the receptors to excite the neuron so it seems more or the natural neutransmitter released, increasing action potential

Question 5

what is antagonist?

Answer 5

Reduces the effect or stops the effect of NT, binds to the receptors to block them to stop messages from being passed on or to slow it down

Question 6

what is a reuptake inhibitor?

Answer 6

Blocks the reuptake of the NT, do more NT stays in the synpase increasing its action

Question 7

what is the drug heroin made from?

Answer 7

morphine

Question 8

what was the drug heroin originally used for?

Answer 8

To treat pain, sleeplesssness

Question 9

How does heroin impact neurotransmission?

Answer 9

• binds to the presynpatic neurons that use dopamine as a NT
• Heroin changes the action of dopamine in the reward pathway, releasing more dopamine than usual
• morphine binds to the receptors, inhibitory effect of GABA on dopamine neuron
• dopamine activity increases release of dopamine into the synpatic cleft
• floods the endorphin receptors and stimulates

Question 10

How does heroin change its behaviour short term?

Answer 10

• produces feelings of well being
• reduction of pain
• pleasure of feelings

Question 11

what are the long term effects of the heroin on neurotransmission?

Answer 11

• extreme weight loss
• heart and kidney problems
• mood swings

Question 12

How does the drug apthetamine impact neurotransmission?

Answer 12

• noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin are quickly released in the brain, feeling of reward, improved mood, sudden rush of adrenaline
• temporarily prevents neurotransmitters from being cycled.
• increases concentration of dopamine in the synaptic gap
• enters the terminal button
• excites dopamine neurons via the glutamate neurons
  may reduce the inhibitory effect of glutamate
• makes neurons more readibly excitable

Question 13

how does apthetamine affect the behaviour short term?

Answer 13

• Increased heart rate
• increased blood pressure
• decreased appetite
• dilated pupils
• feeling happiness

Question 14

what are the long term effects of apthetamines on neurotransmissions?

Answer 14

• causes someone to abused this drug to avoid feelings
• receptors become damage
• will lead to addiction

Question 15

what is the reward pathway?

Answer 15

• involved in the mesolimbic pathway
  when dopamine is released, encourages your body to do it again
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Question 16

what are the three different parts of the meso limic system?

Answer 16

• nucleus accumbeans - controls motor functions
• prefrontal cortex - focuses on hippocmapus - stores memory
• serotonin levels - dopamine increases, serotonin decreases