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2005 > recreational drugs > Flashcards

recreational drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Diacetylmorphine – heroin

A
  • Opiates are naturally occurring alkaloids such as morphine or codeine
  • Heroin is the diacetyl derivative of morphine
pharm logical effects 
•	Analgesia 
•	Euphoria 
•	Impaired cough reflex
•	Constipation 
•	Nausea and vomiting 
•	Tolerance and dependence 
•	Respiratory depression cause of death pCo2
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2
Q

Methamphetamine

aka meth

A 
•	A synthethic homologue of amphetamine first synthesized in 1893 
•	Aka meth/ICE 
•	Highly addictive 
•	Used in war 
•	Euphoria 
•	Increased alterness and concentration 
•	Increased energy 
•	Increased libido 
•	Appetite suppressant 
•	Side effects 
o	Increased HR 
o	Breathing rate 
o	Hypertension 
o	Irregular temp 
•	Long lasting 
o	Emotional changes 
o	Paranoia 
o	Anxiety 
o	Depression 
o	Irritability ‘
o	Hallucinations 
o	Mood swings 
o	Violent behaviors 
o	Chronic sleep disorder 
o	Memory loss 
o	Anorexia 
o	Malnutrition
  • Meth mouth
  • Highly addictive
  • Cardiac failure
  • Neurotoxicity – emotion and cognitive impairment due to neurogentive damage to the DA AND 5 HT neurons and transporters
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3
Q

Cocaine

A 
•	Euphoria 
•	Appetite suppressant 
•	Increase alertness self-confidence sense of wellbeing 
•	Increase HR and BP 
•	Has anesthetic action 
•	Side effects
o	Eating and sleep disorder 
o	Impaired sexual performance 
o	Damage to nasal membranes and septum if snorted 
o	Excessive dosages tremors and convulsions followed by respiratory depression 
o	Chronic use 
	Psychotic episodes 
	Cardiovascular issues
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4
Q

MDMA escatsy

A
  • Aid psychotherapy
  • Side effects
  • Acute pscyhosis
  • Panic attacks
  • Insomnia
  • Involuntary teeth clenching seizures
  • Serotonin syndrome
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5
Q

Role of 5 HT in nervous function

A 
•	Implicated in 
o	Hallucinations 
o	Mood 
o	Aggression 
o	Impulsivity 
o	Eating 
o	Sleep 
o	Arousal 
o	Sensory and pain
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6
Q

Cannabis

A

• The main intoxicant:a CB1 and CB2 receptor partial agonist with moderate affinity

The Good›euphoria›appetite stimulation›analgesia

The Bad›anxiety›memory impairment›sedation

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7
Q

LSD lysergic aice diethylamide

A 
hallucinogenic 
•	Distorted sensory perception 
•	Loss of boundaries and fear 
•	Distortion of subjective time
•	Feelings of a greater sensitivity 
•	Altered mood 
•	Psychosis symptoms: thought process depersonalization and visual hallucinations 
•	Side effects
o	Strong tolerance
o	Flashbacks 
o	Fatal accident
o	Bad trips 
o	Unpredictability 
o	Precipitation of psychosis 
o	Somatic symptoms
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8
Q

Alcohol

A
  • Product of fermentation of sugars and fruits
  • Slurred speech
  • Motor incoordination
  • Increased self confidence
  • Euphoria dysphoria
  • Aggressivity
  • Impaired in intellectual sensory and motor performance
  • Diuresis
  • Vasodilation
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9
Q

Benefits of alchohol consumption

A
  1. Moderate drinking reduces heart disease
  2. Increasing levels of HDL
  3. Inhibit platelet aggregation
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10
Q

adverse effects of alchohol

A 
Cushing syndrome
Liver damage
Impotence and feminization in males
Malnutrition 
\birth defects such as fetal alcohol syndrome 
Increased risk of cancer
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11
Q

tobacco

A
  • Biggest drug related killer
  • Accounts for half newly diagnosed cancers
  • Nicotine the only active consistent and has complex effects on CNS
  • Highly addictive
  • Increased alertness when drowsy
  • Calming effects
  • Relaxes
  • Increased HR and BP
  • Decreases gastro movement
  • Acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
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12
Q

Adverse effects of smoking

A
  • Increase risk of cancer of lungs esophagus pancreas and bladder
  • Increased risk of coronary heart disease
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13
Q

Caffeine

A 
•	Consumed for many years 
•	Decreased fatigue 
•	Increased alertness 
•	Performance enhancement 
•	Low doses – pleasant and stimulatory 
•	High doses 
o	Dysphoria 
o	Irritability 
•	Diuresis 
•	Stimulation of cardiac muscle 
•	Relaxation of smooth muscle 
•	Small tolerance almost no withdrawal 
•	Few side effects and relatively safe
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14
Q

Meth MOA

A
  • Release of dopamine and blockade of monoamine transporters
  • Effects can last for several hours
  • Binge and crash patterns of euphoria
  • Very highly addictive drug due to intense rush caused by dopamine release
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15
Q

MDMA MOA

A

• MOA
o Binds the serotonin transporter and cuases serotonin release via trnapsorter midator exchange
o Blcoks reupateka of 5 HT
o Inhibits vescilaur monoamine transporter
o Inhibits monoamine oxidase

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16
Q

LSD MOA

A

• Moa
o Exceptionally potent
o Long lasting effect up to 10-12 hours
o Binds to 5HT and 5HT 2 receptions dopamine receptors and a adrenergic receptor and modulate GABA and glutamate release
o Acts as a partial agonist at the 5HT2a receptor

17
Q

caffeine MOA

A

• MOA
o Caffeine is a methylxanthine
o Antagonize adenosine receptors release of dopamine NA serotonin acetylcholine glutamate and GABA
o AT high concentration inhibits phosphodiesterase and buildup of cAMP x

2005 (19 decks)

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