Reconstruction Era Flashcards
Abraham Lincoln
He wanted to rebuilt the South through the federal government. The South being responsible for its own recovery with support from the federal government. He vetoed the Wade-Davis Bill
Charles Sumner
He led the radical republicans with Thaddeus stevens.
Charles wanted to provide freed people with land confiscated from leading Confederate as punishment for treason. Distrusted oaths of allegiance
Thaddeus Stevens
He led the radical republican with Charles Sumner. Stevens wanted to provide freed people with land confiscated from leading Confederate as punishment for treason. Distrusted oaths of allegiance
Andrew Johnson
17th president
Hiram Revels
He was the first African American to serve in Congress
Ulysses S. Grant
Grant was the 18th president. His administration was riddled with corruption. He got the second term even with all the scandals.
William Tecumseh Sherman
He was the total war general of the union. He destroyed $100 million worth of property in the South.
40 acres and a mule. He would set aside thousands of plantation land in Georgia and South Carolina for settlement by freed slaves. But Johnson would return the land back
Reconstruction
Reconstruction is the restoration and reintegration of the South back into the US. There were three different plans; Lincoln’s, Johnson’s, Radical Republicans
Radical republican
They are the party that doesn’t want leniency towards the South like Lincoln and Johnson. They pushed for major legislation to protect freed people
Reconstruction amendments, civil rights, act of 1866, Freedmen’s Bureau recharter, Force Act
Wade Davis Bill
It was a bill that imposed strict loyalty requirements on southern whites. It was vetoed by Lincoln. It infuriated many republicans
Freedmen’s Bureau
It was created by congress and became a key agency that oversaw relations between former slaves and owners. There would be posts throughout the South. The main goal was to help freed people and poor white southerners.
Black codes
They were designed to restrict African Americans and their freedoms. States would exclude black people from juries and ballot boxes. They didn’t permit them to testify against white people in court and banned interracial marriage.
KKK
They were a group that wanted to socially control the black population. KKK wanted to destroy republican party through terrorizing its votes.
Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow Laws are a set of laws that enforce racial segregation. It would create a separate but equal system, but this would not be reality.
13th Amendment
It would prohibit involuntary servitude except as a punishment for crime
14th Amendment
14th amendment allowed citizenship, due process, and equal protection
15th Amendment
Aimed to secure the rights of all men
US v Cruikshank
Ruled that protection afforded by the 13th amendment only applied to actions perpetrated by the federal government. It weakened federal enforcement power against racial violence and discrimination.
US v Reese
Ruling was that Court held the amendment did not confer the right to vote but merely prohibited racial discrimination in voting qualifications. This allowed states to continue enacting restrictive measures that disenfranchised African Americans
Reconstruction Act of 1867
It divided the 10 former Confederate states into 5 military districts. Military officers were required to register everyone to vote and protect black voters
Impeachment
The First impeachment in US history is of Johnson when he fired his Secretary of War, but earlier in the year Congress passed the Tenure in Office Act. Congress narrowly miss removing him from office with 1 vote. It causes people from focusing on reconstruction.
Tenure of Office Act
It was a law that passed that further divided Congress and Johnson. It said that the President couldn’t remove certain federal officials without Senate’s approval
Scalawags
Southern Republicans, believed to be traitors of the South and white race
Carpetbagger
Northerners who saw economic opportunities in rebuilding the South
