reconstruction

Question 1

. The main goal of Reconstruction was to

Answer 1

readmit the former Confederate states into the Union

Question 2

The Freedmen’s Bureau was a/an

Answer 2

organization established by Congress to aid poor southerners.

Question 3

How did the Wade-Davis Bill differ from Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan?

Answer 3

The Wade-Davis Bill required that a majority of southern males take an oath of loyalty.

Question 4

What did ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment mean for African Americans?

Answer 4

It provided African Americans with a future free from slavery.

Question 5

How did the Freedmen’s Bureau affect education for freed slaves in the South?

Answer 5

It established more schools and increased efforts to educate freed slaves.

Question 5

Many Republican Congress members disagreed with Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan for Reconstruction because they thought that

Answer 5

it would take more to restore the Union than for southern states to swear an oath of loyalty.

Question 6

Lincoln’s main vision for Reconstruction was to

Answer 6

reunite the nation as quickly and painlessly as possible.

Question 7

How did Reconstruction affect the social structure of the South?

Answer 7

African Americans began to demand the same economic and political rights as whites.

Question 8

Why did Congress still refuse to readmit southern states into the Union in 1865, when Vice President Andrew Johnson became president?

Answer 8

The representatives of the new governments had been leaders of the Confederacy.

Question 9

The Black Codes were

Answer 9

laws passed that limited the freedom of African Americans.

Question 9

President Andrew Johnson’s plan for wealthy southerners and former Confederate officials was to

Answer 9

grant them amnesty through presidential pardons.

Question 10

Which statement describes working life at southern mills in the late 1800s?

Answer 10

Employees were overworked and suffered from asthma and brown-lung disease.

Question 11

President Johnson’s administration went about setting up new southern governments by

Answer 11

allowing elections of state and federal representatives.

Question 12

Southern governments believed they were justified in passing the Black Codes because they felt that

Answer 12

the government was intended for white men only and not African Americans.

Question 13

The Black Codes required that African Americans sign work contracts so as to

Answer 13

replace the labor force that had been lost after the ending of slavery.

Question 13

Southern governments passed the Black Codes to

Answer 13

limit the civil rights of freed African Americans.

Question 14

Which of these was a restriction placed on African Americans under the Black Codes?

Answer 14

African Americans were prevented from owning guns.

Question 15

Republicans proposed the Fourteenth Amendment before southern states were readmitted to the Union to

Answer 15

protect the Civil Rights Act from being overturned by the South.

Question 16

The Fourteenth Amendment defined who could be considered a U.S. citizen. Which group did the Amendment exclude from U.S. citizenship?

Answer 16

Native Americans

Question 17

Why did the House of Representatives vote to impeach President Johnson in 1868?

Answer 17

The president had fired a cabinet official without Senate approval.

Question 18

President Johnson decided to reject the Freedmen’s Bureau because he

Answer 18

determined the Bureau to be unconstitutional.

Question 19

The Reconstruction Acts, passed by Congress in March 1867, affected the makeup of the southern states by

Answer 19

dividing the South into five military districts controlled by a military commander.

Question 20

Congress passed a law limiting President Johnson’s powers in 1868 because the president had

Answer 20

fired his secretary of war.

Question 21

The Fifteenth Amendment protected the right of African American men to

Answer 21

vote

Question 22

Congressional Republicans thought that passing the Fifteenth Amendment would help protect their Reconstruction plan because they believed

Answer 22

African Americans would vote to support the plan.

Question 23

Which group criticized the Fifteenth Amendment?

Answer 23

women

Question 24

Radical Republicans increased their influence in Congress by

Answer 24

supporting suffrage for African American men.

Question 25

How did state legislatures in the South begin to change as a result of Reconstruction?

Answer 25

Many African Americans were elected as representatives to state legislatures.

Question 26

Whom did white southerners call “carpetbaggers”?

Answer 26

northern-born Republican office-holders in the South

Question 27

Hiram Revels was the first African American to hold which post?

Answer 27

U.S. senator

Question 28

Which of these was a reason behind the creation of the Ku Klux Klan in 1866?

Answer 28

the expansion of suffrage rights to include African Americans

Question 29

How did members of the Ku Klux Klan demonstrate their anger towards African Americans?

Answer 29

They used violence and terror.

Question 30

The formation of the Ku Klux Klan inspired Congress to declare

Answer 30

that it was illegal to interfere with elections or deny citizens equal protection.

Question 31

Why was the Ku Klux Klan able to obtain a great deal of power in the South before 1870?

Answer 31

Local governments did not do much to stop the violence of the group.

Question 32

In 1872, what change in southern state governments brought about the end of many Reconstruction reforms?

Answer 32

Low-ranking former Confederates were permitted to hold public office.

Question 33

A direct effect of the Compromise of 1877 was the

Answer 33

removal of federal troops from the South.

Question 34

The Redeemers attempted to limit the rights of African Americans by

Answer 34

establishing laws that successfully discriminated against African Americans.

Question 35

Jim Crow laws

Answer 35

enforced the segregation of African Americans and whites.

Question 36

The verdict in Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 36

legalized segregation as long as “separate-but-equal” facilities were provided.

Question 37

How did the sharecropping system limit opportunities for African Americans to own farms and property?

Answer 37

Most sharecroppers lived in a cycle of debt, first buying goods on credit and then failing to make much money selling their crops.

Question 37

Who were the Redeemers?

Answer 37

Democrats who brought their party back to power in the South

Question 38

Jobs in which industry offered many southern workers an alternative to farming in the late 1800s?

Answer 38

steel

Question 39

Reconstruction

Answer 39

was the process of reuniting and rebuilding the nation without slavery following the Civil War.

Question 40

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 40

proposed the Ten Percent Plan, a plan for readmitting southern states to the Union.

Question 41

The Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 41

passed by Congress in 1865, made slavery illegal.

Question 42

Thaddeus Stevens

Answer 42

was a leader of the Radical Republicans from Pennsylvania who wanted to better the lives of African Americans and poor white southerners.

Question 43

impeach

Answer 43

After President Andrew Johnson angered Congress by firing his secretary of war, the House of Representatives voted to impeach the president, or bring formal charges of wrongdoing against him.

Question 43

the Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 43

To ensure that the Civil Rights Act of 1866 would not be overturned, Congress proposed the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted citizenship to African Americans.

Question 44

The Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 44

granted African American men voting rights in the United States.

Question 45

The Ku Klux Klan

Answer 45

The Ku Klux Klan was a secret society that opposed civil rights for African Americans.

Question 46

The Compromise of 1877

Answer 46

was an agreement that allowed the Democrats to accept Republican Rutherford B. Hayes as president in exchange for the removal of federal troops from the South.

Question 47

Jim Crow laws

Answer 47

Common in southern states, Jim Crow laws enforced segregation, or the separation of whites from African Americans in public places.

Question 48

True of false: The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery but did not guarantee equal protection under the law (the Fourteenth Amendment did that).

Answer 48

True

Question 49

True of false: After the Civil War, the economy of the South was badly damaged and many banks and merchants went bankrupt.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

True of false: President Lincoln proposed a plan to readmit the southern states even before the Civil War ended.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

True of false: Congress fought hard against Lincoln's plan as well as Johnson's.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

True of false: After the election of 1866, the Radical Republicans gained a majority in Congress and took control of Reconstruction.

Answer 52

True

Question 52

True of false: The Black Codes were primarily passed in the southern states.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

True of false: In the election of 1868, Republican Ulysses S. Grant won the presidency with the help of African American votes.

Answer 53

True

Question 53

True of false: In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was constitutional under the “separate-but-equal” doctrine.

Answer 53

True

Question 53

True of false: Lincoln’s plan did not call for military districts; that was part of the Radical Republicans' plan.

Answer 53

True

Question 53

True of false: The Ku Klux Klan was formed in response to the increasing civil rights for African Americans.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

Hiram Revels

Answer 54

First African American senator, he helped organize African American troops in the Civil War.

Question 54

Freedmen’s Bureau

Answer 54

Organization that provided assistance to all poor people living in the South.

Question 55

Radical Republicans

Answer 55

Political group that wanted the federal government to become more involved in Reconstruction.

Question 56

sharecropping

Answer 56

Farming system used in the South in which a worker farms the land and gives the landowner a share of the crop in exchange for land use, tools, and supplies.

Question 57

Andrew Johnson

Answer 57

Became president after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

Question 58

Reconstruction Acts

Answer 58

Law that divided the South into five military districts with a military commander controlling each district.

Question 58

segregation

Answer 58

The forced separation of whites and African Americans in public places.

Question 59

Black Codes

Answer 59

Laws that greatly limited the freedom of African Americans in the southern states.

Question 60

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Answer 60

Act that provided African Americans with the same legal rights as white Americans.

Question 61

poll tax

Answer 61

A tax people had to pay before they could vote.