Reconstruction Flashcards
What were the conditions to rejoin the union in the Ten Percent Plan? Who created it and when?
Abraham Lincoln - 1863
-10 percent of voters who voted in the 1860 election must swear loyalty to the union
-must abolish slavery
-former Confederates (except high ranking officers) may vote and hold office
DIDN’T GET PASSED
what were the conditions to rejoin the union in the Wade Davis Bill? Who created it and when?
Republicans in Congress (1864) - Wade (Ohio) and Davis (Maryland)
- Majority of white men (51%) who voted in the 1860 election must swear loyalty to the Union
- Must abolish slavery
- Former Confederates cannot vote or hold office
DIDN’T GET PASSED
What were the conditions to rejoin the union in the Johnson Plan? Who created it and when?
President Andrew Johnson (1865)
- Majority of white men who voted in 1860 election must swear loyalty to the union
- Must Ratify 13th amendment
- Former Confederate Officials may vote and hold office
- Confederates who make 20k+ a year have to go directly to the President to swear loyalty
DIDN’T GET PASSED
What were the conditions to rejoin the Union in the Reconstruction Act? Who created it and when?
Radical Republicans (1867)
- Must disband state governments
- Must write new constitutions
- Must ratify 14th amendment
- African American Men must be allowed to vote
- Military Reconstruction Act
DID GET PASSED
13th Amendment: when and what
December, 1865
Abolishes Slavery
14th Amendment: when and what
July, 1868
Guaranteed citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the U.S. except Native Americans (Indians)
15th Amendment: when and what
1870
Guaranteed African American Men the right to vote
Who were Radical Republicans and what did they want? What was their goal?
Radical Republicans wanted the Federal Govt. to play a more active role, and wanted the South to change more before they could be readmitted into the Union.
Goal: protection for newly freed slaves
Who were the four targets and their plotters for the assassinations?
John Wilkes Booth - President Abraham Lincoln
George Atzerodt - Vice President Andrew Johnson
Louis Powell - Secretary of State William Seward
Micheal O’Laughlen - Ulysses Grant
Describe the Plot to kill Lincoln.
John Wilkes Booth was originally planning to kidnap Lincoln for a prisoner exchange, but his plan changed when Lincoln stated AA should have the right to vote.
He was assassinated by Booth at Ford’s Theater while watching Our American Cousin w/ General Rathbone and Clara Harris.
Booth planned to attack when the crowd was applauding. He shot lincoln in his head and stabbed Rathbone.
Booth Flees (largest manhunt). he was eventually surrounded in a barn by Union soldiers. Booth gets smoked out, is shot, and dies on the Scene.
Describe the plot to kill Andrew Johnson.
While Booth was assassinating Lincoln, George Atzerodt was given the task of killing the Vice President at the Kirkwood Hotel. No attempt was made.
Describe the plot to kill William Seward.
Louis Powell, pretending to deliver medicine to Bed ridden William Seward, stabbed Seward many times. Seward survives as Powell missed all of his vital organs.
Describe the Plot to Kill Ulysses Grant.
Micheal O’Laughlen was held responsible, but there was no real proof that there was an attempt on Grant’s life.
What was the fate of Mary Surratt, Samuel Mudd, G. Atzerodt, J. W. Booth, L. Powell, D. Herold?
MS - ran the boarding house where the conspirators met. Mary was sentenced to death.
SM - He set Booth’s leg. Claimed innocence. Sentenced to life in prison.
GA - Sentenced to death
JW Booth - died after being shot in the Neck after being surrounded (barn).
LP - capture and at Mary Surratt’s after being identified - death
DH - fled with Booth, Surrendered, and put to death
Define Reconstruction
rebuilding/repairing something
What was Southern Reconstruction?
Rebuilding and repairing the southern society by granting rights to formally enslaved persons and restoring the Nation by readmitting Southern states to the Union.
After the war the South:
- Was economically, politically, and socially destroyed
- Confederate $ was worthless
- had no govt. (handled issues themselves)
- means of transportation destroyed
- had no more enslaved workers
What were “Carpetbaggers”?
It was a negative term that southerners gave to Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction period for personal gain
What were “Scalawags”?
a negative term for a white southerner who supported the Union, and supported the reconstruction policies. They were seen as a traitor by southerners.
What were the main Reconstruction Key Questions?
- How does the south re-enter, rebuild?
- Who should control Reconstruction?
- What will happen to Black freedmen?
