recombinant DNA

Question 1

recombinant protein is one that has been obtained via

Answer 1

transcribing and translating a novel combination of DNA from different organims

Question 2

an example of recombinant protein is the gene for human insulin being placed in a bacterial plasmid which allows the plasmid to?

Answer 2

produce insulin that can be used to treat diabetes

Question 3

restriction endonucleases are bacterial enzymes that recognize specific?

Answer 3

sequences of DNA and cut dsDNA into two pieces

Question 4

nuclease is an enzyme that

Answer 4

cuts nucleic acids thus endonuclease cuts in the middle of a DNA chain

Question 5

sticky ends of DNA are

Answer 5

complementary free ends of a DNA molecule that are able to base pair with other DNA molecules with similar sequence

Question 6

palindromes are sequences with

Answer 6

two-fold rotational symmetry

Question 7

when a fragment of dsDNA is created by cutting with a restriction endonuclease, it can be inserted to?

Answer 7

DNA from another source that was also digested by the same restriction endonuclease

Question 8

plasmids are?

Answer 8

small circular dsDNA molecules found in bacteria and are capable of autonomous replication

Question 9

autonomous replication is

Answer 9

replication that is independent of chromosome replication

Question 10

plasmids can be manipulated by recombinant techniques to?

Answer 10

propagate and express foreign genes in bacteria

Question 11

plasmids have multiple cloning sites, which has?

Answer 11

restriction sites for dozens of restriction enzymes

Question 12

plasmids also have drug resistance gene that helps them?

Answer 12

select and isolate bacteria possessing the plasmid from other bacteria

Question 13

bacteria containing plasmid with ampicillin-resistance gene are able to grow in the presence of?

Answer 13

of the antibiotic ampicillin

Question 14

bacterial transformation is when plasmids are?

Answer 14

reintroduced back into bacterial cells

Question 15

plasmids are taken back into bacterial cells by?

Answer 15

cooling cells in CaCl2 and then heat shocking them
&
electroporation which is when an electric field is applied and pokes holes in membrane

Question 16

once plasmid is reintroduce to bacterial cell, it will

Answer 16

be exposed to host’s replication machinery which replicates the plasmid

Question 17

complementary DNA is produced from?

Answer 17

fully spliced eukaryotic mRNA by enzymes that read RNA template and builds cDNA

Question 18

cDNA can be ligated into plasmids thus

Answer 18

bacteria will produce the protein encoded by the cDNA

Question 19

cDNA libraries are compared across tissue type of organism in research to?

Answer 19

study tissue-specific gene expression

Question 20

bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) can insert 100 to 350 kilobase pairs and contain sequences that allow for?

Answer 20

replication and regulation of copy number, partition genes that promote their even distribution after bacterial cell division, and a selectable marker for antibiotic resistance

Question 21

yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) can insert 100 to 3,5000 kilobase pairs and contain?

Answer 21

a centromere, telomeres, and sequences that function as replication origins

Question 22

BACs are used to study?

Answer 22

inherited diseases (Alzheimer's and Down Syndrome) that involve complex genes with several regulatory sequences and promoters upstream of the coding sequence
BACs can clone entire genome of some viruses such as herpes, poxviruses, and coronaviruses