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Neuroscience I > Receptors DC/ML Lecture > Flashcards

Receptors DC/ML Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Highly myelinated axons are:

A

faster

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2
Q

What modalities ascend through the spinal cord by the dorsal column/medial lemniscus system and the spinocerebellar tracts?

A

Vibration, discriminatory touch, pressure, proprioception

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3
Q

dorsal columns: fasciculus gracilis

Central axons of the dorsal root ganglion have peripheral axonal receptors that detect…

A

Discriminatory touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception from the lower extremities

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4
Q

dorsal columns: fasciculus gracilis

Central axons of dorsal root ganglion enter fasciculus gracilis and ascend without crossing to synapse with…

A

the nucleus gracilis in the medulla

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5
Q

The most medial fibers in the fasciculus gracilis represent:

A

the sacral contribution
(fibers ascend somatotopically organized)

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6
Q

dorsal columns: fasciculus cuneatus

Central axons of the dorsal root ganglion have peripheral axonal receptors that detect…

A

Discriminatory touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception (conscious and unconscious) from upper extremities

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7
Q

dorsal columns: fasciculus cuneatus

Central axons of dorsal root ganglia enter fasciculus cuneatus and ascend without crossing to synapse with:

A

nucleus cuneatus

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8
Q

dorsal columns: fasciculus cuneatus

Some fibers (unconscious proprioception) enter the ___ as the ___

A

enter the cerebellum as the cuneocerebellar tract

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9
Q

As the fibers to both fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus enter the spinal cord, they send ___ to various levels of the dorsal and ventral horn bilaterally for ___

A

send collaterals
for reflexes

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10
Q

Where is the fasciculus proprius?

A

a thin outline of the grey matter of the spinal cord

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11
Q

dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Central axons of dorsal root ganglia have peripheral axonal receptors that detect…

A

proprioception (conscious and unconscious) from the lower extremities

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12
Q

dorsal spinocerebellar tract

After central axons of dorsal root ganglia enter the dorsal horn, where do they synapse?

A

with nucleus dorsalis

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13
Q

Nucleus dorsalis gives rise to:

A

the dorsal spinocerebellar tract

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14
Q

The dorsal spinocerebellar tract ascends to…

A

the medulla without crossing

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15
Q

At the medulla, some dorsal spinocerebellar fibers (conscious proprioception) …

A

synapse with nucleus Z

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16
Q

At the medulla, some dorsal spinocerebellar fibers (unconscious proprioception)…

A

enter the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle

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17
Q

ventral spinocerebellar tract

Central axons of dorsal root ganglia enter the dorsal horn and synapse with:

A

nucleus proprius

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18
Q

The nucleus proprius gives rise to…

A

the contralateral ventral spinocerebellar tract

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19
Q

VSCT ascends to the midbrain and enters the ___ via the ___

A

enters the cerebellum
via the superior cerebellar peduncles

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20
Q

Nuclei gracilis, cuneatus, and Z extend:

A

internal arcuate fibers

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21
Q

Where do internal arcuate fibers of nuclei gracilis, cuneatus, and Z cross?

A

The great sensory decussation

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22
Q

medial lemniscus

In the medulla, cervical to sacral fibers are arranged:

A

Dorsal to ventral

23
Q

medial lemniscus

In the pons and midbrain, cervical to sacral fibers are arranged:

A

Medial to lateral

24
Q

The dorsal ramus leads to where in the body?

A

Back muscles and skin

25
Q

The ventral ramus leads to where in the body?

A

Front and upper and lower extremities

26
Q

A alpha axons function

A

Proprioception from skeletal muscles

27
Q

A beta axons function

A

Mechanoreception from skin

28
Q

A delta and C fibers (axons) function

A

A delta: Pain and temperature
C: Pain, temperature, itch

29
Q

Which types of axons are more highly myelinated?

A

A alpha and A beta

30
Q

Which types of axons are poorly or unmyelinated?

A

A delta and C

31
Q

In mechanoreceptors, axons are what type(s)?

A

A alpha, A beta

32
Q

In pain and temperature receptors, what type of axons are present?

A

A delta, C

33
Q

What are nociceptors?

A

Pain receptors

34
Q

When do fast adapting receptors fire?

A

At the beginning and the end of a signal

35
Q

When do slow adapting receptors fire?

A

Throughout the stimulus

36
Q

Free nerve endings contain what fibers?
What will these sense?

A

A delta and C fibers
Pain and temperature

37
Q

All spinal nerves exiting below L1 are part of the ….

A

cauda equina

38
Q

The cuneocerebellar tract is responsible for what?

A

Unconscious proprioception

39
Q

Where are collateral fibers usually found?

A

Fasciculus proprius

40
Q

DSCT does proprioception (conscious and unconscious) from where?

A

Lower body

41
Q

Where do fibers of the DSCT synapse?

A

Nucleus dorsalis

42
Q

Do fibers of DSCT cross?

A

No

43
Q

Where does the DSCT lead to?

A

The medulla

44
Q

Unconscious proprioception fibers of the DSCT exit where?

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum

45
Q

Conscious proprioception fibers of the DSCT synapse with…

A

nucleus Z

46
Q

After synapsing with nucleus Z, what happens to the fibers of the DSCT?

A

Fibers cross at the great sensory decussation and join into the medial lemniscus

47
Q

What is the function of the ventral spinocerebellar tract?

A

Unconscious proprioception from lower body

48
Q

In VSCT, fibers first synapse with…

A

nucleus proprius

49
Q

VSCT

Where do fibers from the nucleus proprius cross?

A

The ventral white commissure

50
Q

Where does the VSCT cross the second time?

A

Decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncles

51
Q

Where does the VSCT enter the cerebellum?

A

The (ipsilateral) superior cerebellar peduncle

52
Q

Nuclei gracilis, cuneatus, and Z extend internal arcuate fibers that cross the GSD, to form the…

A

contralateral medial lemniscus

53
Q

Where does the medial lemniscus end?

A

The thalamus

Neuroscience I (7 decks)

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