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Psychobiology & Neuroscience > Recap Of Nervous System > Flashcards

Recap Of Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

Hippoccrates was first to consider?

A

The brain to be the seat of thought & emotion

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1
Q

Prehistoric brain surgery: 7000 years ago trepanation was used to?

A

Cure afflictions such as demonic possessions

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2
Q

Aristotle didn’t agree and thought

A

That the brain served to cool the passions of the heart

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3
Q

Galen thought Aristotle to be absurd and …

A

Continued to make accurate anatomical observations of cats, dogs and sheep

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4
Q

Descartes proposed mind body dualism. Mind controls the movement of the body whilst the body supplies the mind with information via the …?

A

Pineal body

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5
Q

Brain contains?

A

Hollow chambers (ventricles) that are filled with CSF

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6
Q

Right hemisphere?

A

Minor dominance e.g. Spatial reasoning

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7
Q

Left hemisphere?

A

Dominant in language and movement

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8
Q

Connections between the hemispheres?

A

Corpus callosum

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9
Q

Brain contains 4 ventricles filled with CSF?

A

Lateral, Third, Cerebral aqueduct & Fourth

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10
Q

Forebrain includes ?

A

Telencephalon & diencephalan

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11
Q

Midbrain ( Mesencephalon) includes

A

Tectum & Tegmentum

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12
Q

Hindbrain includes ?

A

Metencephalon & Myelencephalon

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13
Q

The forebrain ( telencephalon) consists of?

A

Cerebral cortex, Limbic system & Basal ganglia

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14
Q

Cerebral cortex lobes and functions?

A

Lobes: Frontal, parietal, occipital & temporal
Functions: sensory, motor & association

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15
Q

Sensory cortex distribution homunculus

A

What a human would look like if each part grew in proportion to the area of the cortex of the brain related to its sensory perception

16
Q

Which lobe was damaged for phineas gage?

A

Frontal lobes

17
Q

Limbic system: emotion, learning and memory: most important structures?

A

Hippocampus: learning and memory
Amygdala: emotion
Fornix: connects hippocampus to other areas of brain
Mammillary bodies: projects to part of hypothalamus

18
Q

Basal ganglia is ?

A

Collection of sub cortical nuclei in the forebrain

19
Q

3 major structures of the basal ganglia?

A

Caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus

20
Q

In Parkinson’s disease which of the structures are most effected?

A

Caudate nucleus and putamen

21
Q

Two major structures of the diencephalan?

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

22
Q

The thalamus is ?

A

Situated near the middle of the cerebral hemispheres. Most neural input to the cerebral cortex is received by the thalamus

23
Q

Hypothalamus ?

A

Controls the ANS functioning, endocrine system, ingestive behaviour and sleep

24
Q

The midbrain (mesencephalon ) Tectum ?

A

Superior visual system and inferior colliculi auditory system

25
Q

Tegmentum involves

A

Reticular formation, arousal, attention muscle tonus and movement

26
Q

Metencephalon of the hindbrain ?

A

Cerebellum it receives and combines movement, somatosensory, vestibular, visual and auditory information.

27
Q

Myelencephalon of the hindbrain ?

A

Medulla: contains part of the reticular formation, nuclei vital for functions such as respiration, cardiovascular system and muscle tonus

28
Q

Pons contains ?

A

Part of reticular formation, sleep and arousal

29
Q

Spinal cord is surrounded by?

A

24 individual vertebrae from the head, thoracic and lumbar areas

30
Q

2 main functions of the spinal cord?

A

Distribute motor fibres to effector organs and collect somatosensory information to be passed on to the brain

31
Q

Dorsal root contains ?

Ventral root contains ?

A

Incoming afferent sensory fibres

All outgoing efferent fibers towards muscle and glands

32
Q

Caudal block?

A

Administration of pain relief in pelvic surgery or childbirth

33
Q

Spinal nerves ?

A

Begin at the junction of the dorsal and ventral root of the spinal cord and travel to muscle or sensory receptors

34
Q

12 cranial nerves

A

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, auditory, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory and hypoglossal

35
Q

ANS: SNS associated with?

A

Activities of energy expenditure from reserves fight or flight response

36
Q

ANS: PNS operates ?

A

During times of rest and restoration, activities that increase the body’s supply of energy

Psychobiology & Neuroscience (4 decks)

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