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Psychobiology & Neuroscience > Communication Between Neurons & Psychopharmacolgy > Flashcards

Communication Between Neurons & Psychopharmacolgy Flashcards

0
Q

3 types of syapse

A

Axodenritic, axosomatic & axoaxonic

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1
Q

What is the synapse ?

A

Junction between pre and post synaptic neuron

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2
Q 
NT 
Receptor
Binding site
Ligand
Post synaptic potential
A

Carry message
Protein structure in the membrane
Location where ligand NT binds lock and key
Chemical that binds w binding site of receptor
NT either increase or decrease the rate of firing of the ps neuron

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3
Q

Presynaptic membrane is

A

The membrane of a terminal button

NT released

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4
Q

Post synaptic membrane is ?

A

Dendrite of neuron that receives info

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5
Q

Synaptic cleft

A

Space between presynaptic and post synaptic membrane

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6
Q

Synaptic vesicles

A

Small hollow structure found in terminal buttons

Contains molecules of a NT

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7
Q

Release zone

A

In the presynaptic membrane of a synapse to which synaptic vesicles attach and release NT into synaptic cleft

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8
Q

Post synaptic receptor

A

A receptor molecule in the postsynaptic membrane of a synapse that contains binding site for NT

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9
Q

NT-dependent ion channels

A

An ion channel that opens when a molecule of a NT binds with a postsynaptic receptor

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10
Q

Direct (ionotropic receptor)

A

Binding site for NT and ion channel that opens when a molecule go the NT attaches to the binding site

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11
Q

Indirect metabotropic receptor

A

Binding site for NT
Binding activates an enzyme results in opening of ion channel elsewhere
G protein

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12
Q

EPSP - depolarising

IPSP - hyper polarising

A

Increase chance of neuron firing

Decrease chance of neuron firing

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13
Q

Reuptake

A

Reentry of NT back through membrane terminating the postsynaptic potential

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14
Q

Enzymatic deactivation

A

Destruction of NT by enzyme after it’s release

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15
Q

Auto receptors

A

Control the release of a NT

16
Q

Drug

A

Chemical substance that when taken into the body alters the structure or functioning of the body in some way

17
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A

Chemical substance which influences the function of CNS altering our feelings, thoughts, perception and behaviour

18
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

The study of the effects of drugs on NS and behaviour

19
Q

Pharmokinetics

A

Drugs are absorbed, distributed in the body, metabolised and excreted

20
Q

Dose response curve

A

After this point increasing doses do not produce a stronger effect

21
Q

Therapeutic index

A

A measure of a drugs margin of safety

22
Q

Tolerance

A

A decrease in the effectiveness of a drug

23
Q

Sensitization

A

An increase in effectiveness of a drug

Tolerance is more common than sensitization

24
Q

Withdrawal

A

Opposite effect of drug itself

Caused by body’s attempt to compensate for the effects of the drug

25
Q

Ligand

A

Substance than binds to receptor, endogenous or exogenous

26
Q

Agonist

A

Ligand that initiates the normal effects of the receptor

27
Q

Antagonist

A

Ligand that binds to receptor and does activate it, blocking it from being activated

28
Q

Quaternary amines

A

Acetylcholine (Ach)

29
Q

Mono amines

A 
Catecholamines = NA, Adrenaline, DA
Indoleamines = Serotonin 5-HT
30
Q

Amino acids

A

GABA
Glutamate (Glu)
Glycine
Histamine

31
Q

Ach

A

Primary NT
secreted by efferent axons in CNS PNS deactivated by acetylcholinesterase
Responsible for muscular movement
Nicotine receptor/ muscarinic receptor
Botulinum toxins prevent release of ACh - black widow
Atropine and curare block ACh

32
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Almost every region of Brain receives input from noradrenergic neuron
Cell bodies located in hindbrain of pons and medulla
Begin in locus coeruleus

33
Q

5-HT

A

Food intake and weight control, aggression, impulsivity, alcohol use and depression
Hallucinogenic drugs LSD influence serotonin pathways

34
Q

GABA

A

Found in most areas of the brain and exerts generalised inhibitory function
Anti-anxiety meds, tranquillisers stimulate GABA releasing neurons proving reduction in feelings of stress
GABA deficiencies associated with increased tendency to suffer epileptic seizures

35
Q

DA Nigrostriatal dopamine pathway

A

dopamine fibres that arise in substantia nigra of midbrain, past hypothalamus and end in corpus striatum (basal ganglia)
Parkinson’s

36
Q

DA Mesolimbic DA pathway

A

Begins in midbrain but projects to parts of Limbic system and frontal cortex
Involved in psychotic behaviour
Rewarding properties
Drug dependence

Psychobiology & Neuroscience (4 decks)

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