Recap

Question 1

The 3 Rs

Answer 1

Reduction: cell cultures, salmonella test (mutaion of dna with chemicals), using CAM instead of animals

Replacement: plastic rats/rabbit for practice

Refinement: environmental enrichment, literature research, music

Question 2

Definition of the animal model

Answer 2

Eg Calhoun, use rats to simulate the consequences of overpopulation
1️⃣ disruption of social order
2️⃣ collapse of poulatiom

Question 3

Sex diff in pain and cognitive stress

Answer 3

Hypothalamus preopticus area is associated with sexual dimorphism, parental care, sexual behaviour

“Without change the default will be female”

Females are more sensitive to pain, testosterone is usd to conditione pain sensitivity in males

Need to consider sex in experiments!

Question 4

Sexual differences in brain

Answer 4

Tend amd befriend vs. Fight or flight

Amygdala(emotions) higher activity in females

Female

Question 5

Summarise the circadian rythm

Answer 5

🔺 inhib feedback loop (TIM, PER genes)
🔺 body clock
🔺 reg by light, feeding time, social contact, LEO, FEO genes
🔺 ex cellular protein synthesis, function of vital neurons, locomotor activity

Question 6

Pain

Answer 6

🔺 nociceptive glioneural complex - transmit all pain
🔺 gate controlled theory of pain
🔺 corticothalamic blunting
🔺 weiss rat trials: coping mechanisms for stress
🔺 grimace scale/score (microessay)
🔺 63/2010: not cephalopods anymore!
🔺 PPAR: treat inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain

Question 7

grimace scale/score (microessay)

Answer 7

(rabbit)
Eye tightening, ear positioning and shape, whisker positioning and shape, cheek flattening, nostril shape

To evaluate the pain response

Question 8

Pasturella pneumotropica

Answer 8

Inflammation of coupfer gland