Reasons for Rendering a Patient Edentulous Flashcards
What is a complete denture?
A removable dental prosthesis that replaces the entire dentition and associated structures of the maxilla or mandible
What are complete dentures usually made of?
PMMA
rarely Co/Cr
Why isn’t flexi material used often for dentures?
because it is porous, it can house bacteria
Why are acrylic dentures sometimes clear?
some patients are allergic to pigments in acrylic
What are the effects of edentulism?
Loss of masticatory function Appearance
Self esteem
General health effects Quality of life
Speech
What are the examinable effects of edentulism?
Ridge resorption
Soft tissue changes to lip & chin (witches chin)
Reduction in face height
How does post extraction resorption occur?
Occurs rapidly after extraction particularly in 1st six months
Individually variable
May be dependent on pre- extraction status of teeth
Occurs throughout life
What are the 6 stages of atrophy according to cawood and howell?
Stage I: Dentate (fully dentate jaw with complete tooth presence).
Stage II: Immediately post-extraction (with the socket still intact, but bone starting to resorb).
Stage III: Early ridge resorption (mild to moderate resorption after the initial healing).
Stage IV: Advanced ridge resorption (ridge becomes more rounded and less prominent).
Stage V: Severe atrophy (minimal remaining ridge height, often with a concave appearance).
Stage VI: Extreme atrophy (flat residual ridge with only basal bone remaining)
What stages are PDD patients more likely to be?
4, 5, 6
What are the disadvantages of complete dentures?
- Inefficient at mastication
- Require good neuro-muscular control
- Stability of a lower complete often compromised by tongue movements
- Appearance/speech can be sub-optimal
- NOT A DIRECT REPLACEMENT FOR NATURAL BUT BETTER THAN ON TEETH AT ALL
- Almost a treatment of last resort
- Managing expectations is paramount
Why do we render patients edentulous and make complete dentures?
- Caries and its sequelae - Rampant
- Periodontal Disease – Advanced, Hopeless teeth
- Tooth wear – Severe and debilitating
- Failing dentitions – Overambitious treatment, cycles of replacement
- Occlusal collapse – often secondary to the above
- Appearance – often secondary to the above
What are sequelae for rampant caries?
Xerostomia
Sjogren’s syndrome Radiation caries Developmental disorders Disability
Dementia
Addiction
What might be the cause of periodontal disease?
Susceptibility
Disability
Dementia
Medical factors
Social history
What might be the cause for tooth wear?
Erosion
Abrasion
Attrition
Lack of posterior support Supervised neglect
What might be the cause for failing dentitions?
Overambitious treatment Cycles of replacement
Human, medical & social factors
What might be the cause for occlusal collapse?
Often secondary to other reasons eg: Caries, perio, tooth wear etc
What might be the cause for appearance?
Often secondary to other reasons eg: Perio drifting, severe tooth wear/occlusal collapse
What are other, rarer reasons we render patients edentulous and make complete dentures?
- Head & Neck cancer chemo-radiotherapy
- Head and cancer : dentition lost in maxilla or mandible due to cancer
resection and/or reconstruction - Pre- chemotherapy in some cancers eg leukaemia and need for bone marrow transplant - When poor quality dentition & infection risk
- Pre-transplant: When poor quality dentition & infection risk
- Pre cardiac surgery eg prosthetic heart valve - When poor quality
dentition & infection risk - At patient’s request: Consent
What are the 3 different methods of complete denture construction?
Conventional dentures
Replica dentures
(Digital dentures)
What are conventional dentures and when should they be used?
Dentures made from scratch therefore they take longer, jaw registration are more complex and there are 2 impression stages in mouth. You can make major mods and correct faults more easily
They should be used if no previous denture, poor previous denture and unsuccessful
What are replica (dundee) dentures and when should you use them?
Dentures made off the original design, with 1 less clinical stage, jaw registration simpler and 2 impression stage in the mouth
Should only be used for simple mods
What are reasons we would use a conventional denture in one arch and a replica in another?
- Patient happy with upper aesthetics; show more upper teeth
- Patient coping well with upper and poorly with lower
- Lower of inadequate design eg: height/base extension
What are the steps for digital dentures?
scan models
digital software workflow
milling machine
milling the denture base
milling the dental arch
cementing the denture base to arch
