Reality Therapy Flashcards
- We do not live in any real world. Individuals may have perceptions of reality, but they cannot know reality itself.
- We all have our own perceptions of reality.
Structure of the Person
- We are all born with the capacity to choose and have needs
- “Choice” in Reality Therapy means that behavior is generated from within the person for the purpose of need satisfaction.
Structure of the Personality
- Infants choose behavior they know for survivals-crying when needs diaper change, food, etc.
- They become creative in choosing how to ask for what they want through the use of this wondering tool “language”
Structure of the Person
- Experience the external world
- Born with the ability to do this as:
- Pleasurable
- Painful
- Neutral
Structure of the Personality
*What makes us go through life-how we get what we need, how we get our needs met!
Function of the Personality
*Eating,Drinking, Seeking shelter, Resisting illness, Reproduction, Waste management
Survival
- Need to share
- Love
- Cooperate
- Met by friends, family, pets, or collections
Belongings
- To be better than others
- Can conflict with our need to belong
- Marriage-need for power conflicts with the need to be loved
- Want to be in control
Power
- How we wish to live life
- How we wish to express ourselves
- With whom we wish to associate
- What we want to read and write
- How we worship or not
Freedom
- Not as vital as the first 4
- laughing
- joking
- sports
- reading
Fun
- Organized-with which we are familiar
* Behavioral system-that we are constantly reorganizing
Behavior
- Doing
- Thinking
- Feelings
- Physiology
Total Behavior
- Active behavior (walking, talking, or moving)
* May be voluntary
Doing
- Both voluntary and involuntary thoughts
- Daydreams
- Nightmares
- Night Dreams
Thinking
- Happy or sad
- Angry or content
- Pleasure or pain
Feeling
- Voluntary and involuntary mechanisms
- Sweating
- Urinating
Physiology
- Argued that this is a choice- we act the way that we see others, but this is a choiceful decision.
- We choose the way we interact with others.
- NOT the source of human behavior
Role of the Environment
- People can choose the good or the apparent good
* It takes time to practice this behavior of correct choices (experiences)
Role of the Environment
*Choosing to depress or anxietize, individuals can keep their anger under control
Unhealthy Functioning Reason 1
- Depress or anxietize to get others to help them
* Helping without begging
Unhealthy Functioning Reason 2
- Unwilling to be more effective
* Difficult to choose to be better
Unhealthy Functioning Reason 3
- Choosing to depress or anxietize can give power over others
- Others need to comfort the person, encourage
Unhealthy Functioning Reason 4
*Choosing to be Happy
Healthy Functioning
*Four basic steps: Wants Doing Evaluation Planning
How Change Occurs
- Making plans to do better
- Commit to plans
- Verbal or written contracts
How Change Occurs
- Therapist is warm
- Kind
- Caring
- Optimistic
- Establishment of that environment shows helpfulness
Conditions Necessary for Change
- Word Hard
- Must be willing to make choices
- Stick to choices
- Open to new ideas
Role of the Client
- Clients must be cognitive, higher functioning, willing to work
- Not good with lower functioning clients
- Not good with personal growth -insight
Capacity for Change
- Didnt want to choose to change
* Change is hard work
Source of Resistance
- No excuses for failure to follow through
- No criticism, arguing with, or punishing client
- Does not give up on the client
Role of the Counselor
- Help meet their physiological needs for belonging, power, freedom, and fun in responsible and satisfying ways
- More severe the symptom the more the client is unable to meet needs
Goals of Counseling
- Educational approach
* Unconscious process/dreams are not in Reality Therapy
Goals of Counseling
- Friendly
- Relationship-based
- Not patronizing
- Not telling others what to do; let them come up with own ideas
Relationship with the Client
- Not a technique focused therapy
- Questioning
- Being Positive
- Metaphors
- Humor
- Confrontation
- Paradoxical Techniques
Specific Techniques
