Realist thinkers

Question 1

List the realist thinkers

Answer 1

Kenneth Waltz, Hendley Bull, Hans Morgenthau, John Mearsheimer, Niccolo Machiavelli

Question 2

Kenneth Waltz

Realist thinker

Answer 2

Defensive realist, believes a bipolar system is more stable than a multipolar system as multiple equally powered states would lead to more conflict than larger blocks vying for influence.

Two major blocks could negotiate their way to stabillity far more easily as the international system remains in a state of anarchy with no real authority above state level

Question 3

Hedley Bull

Realist thinker

Answer 3

Person who first identified the world system as “anarchical”. Recognised the “society of states” which operated within this system.
Society of states is formed when states realise they have common interests and values, and will benefit from working together. When this happens, these states begin to impact one another’s decisions as they ahve to take into account the impact of their actions

Question 4

Hans Morgenthau

Realist thinker

Answer 4

Classic realist. Politically, man is a selfish creature and will naturally try to dominate and have power over others.
Moral considerations are, therefore, much less important on a national scale. The state is in many ways the extension of the collective self of the nation.

Question 4

John Mearsheimer

Realist thinker

Answer 4

Offernsive realist thinkwe. Explained conflict and competition for power between great world powers will continue
States will alwyas aim to secure hegemony, whether that be in their region, continent or across the world.

Question 5

Niccolo Machiavelli

Realist thinker

Answer 5

Established idea that the state must be constantly prepared for war. Ideas closely linj to security dilemma as states are under threat from attack so must be ready