Realism And Crime Flashcards
Right realism causes of crime
- Rational choice theory
- Broken window thesis
- The underclass
Clarke
Rational choice theory:
Individuals choose to commit a crime as a rational choice
Cohen + Felson
Routine activities:
1. Individual motivated to offend
2. Availability of targets and opportunity
3. Lack of police
Wilson + Kelling
Broken window thesis:
Crime is higher in areas that are more run down
Murray
The underclass:
Inadequate socialisation by single mothers and the reliance on the welfare state
Right realism
Tough on crime - short, sharp, shock
Left realism
Tough on crime, tough on the causes of crime (Blair)
Left realism causes of crime
- Deprivation
- Subcultures
- Marginalisation
Runciman
Deprivation:
How someone feels in relation to others
Cohen, Miller and Cloward and Ohlin
Subcultures:
Peer groups can lead us to committing crimes as a way of fitting in
Young
Marginalisation: outskirts, discrimination
1. Individualism
2. Weak informal social control
3. Economic inequality
Left realism solutions of crime
- Intervention
- Improve policing
- Community approaches
Interventions
Perry pre school program
$1 spent, $17 saved on welfare
Improve policing
More ethnic minority police
Improve relationship between community and police
Community approaches
Better recreational facilities
Reduced unemployment
Improving living standards
Right realism solutions to crime
- Situational crime prevention
- Environmental crime prevention
Situational crime prevention
- Increased surveillance
Bauman - fortress cities
Foucault - panopticon - Target hardening
Felson - port authority bus terminal, replaced large sinks
Anti homeless designs - benches and door entry
Environmental crime prevention
Kelling - advised the clean car programme
- ASBO
- zero tolerance policing
- street drinking bans
- dispersal orders
Evaluation of realism
:)
Provides actual solutions
:(
SCP leads to displacement (Chaiken)
Young + Mathews
Left
Improve leisure activities for young people
