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IT Strat > Real Klausur > Flashcards

Real Klausur Flashcards

1
Q

Whats the purpose of TOGAF?

A

Emphazises business goals as architecture drivers, and provides a repository of best practices

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2
Q

How does the TOGAF Process Look like?

A

Preliminary ->

A: Architecture Vision
B: Business Architecture
C: Information System Architecture
D: Technology Architecture
E: Opportunities and Solutions
F: Migration Planning
G: Implementation Governance
H: Architecture Change Management

CORE: Requirement Management

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3
Q

Zachmanns Framework

A
  • Made in 1987
  • 5 Levels and 3(+3) Perspectives
  • Levels: (Scope Desc, Model of the bis, Model of the IS, Tech. Model, Detailed Description)
  • Perspectives: (Data, Process, Network, +Persons,Time,Motivation)
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4
Q

IT4IT

A
  • IT Functions as a normal business function
  • Consists of Value Chain and Refrence Architecture
  • Def: IT Services, Value Chain, Value Stream, Service Model, Func Component, Data Obj.)
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5
Q

How does the Central IT Organization Look like?

What are the Characteristics/Pros/Cons

A 
Central IT: IT as a cross-section to all bu
\+ Standards
\+ EoS
- Inflexibile often
- Not business oriented
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6
Q

How does the Decentral IT Organization Look like?

Char/P/N

A

Decentral: Each bu has its own IT
+ Individual Responsibility
+ Controllability
- Application Jungle

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7
Q

How does the Federal IT Organization look like? CPN?

A

Federal: Decentral, but w/ an organizationally anchored governance for harmonization
+ Best of both worlds
- Difficult to balance, high demand in management capa

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8
Q

What are Challenges for EAM in an agile environment

A
  • Managing Technical Debts
  • Dealing w acceptance inssues by agile team
  • Balancing upfront and emergent Architecture
  • Balancing st and lt planning
  • Dealing w/ lacking understanding of EA
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9
Q

How would you solve Challenges in an Agile Environment?

A
  • Establish an Alignment between business and IT
  • Consulting agile Teams regarding tool stacks
  • Supporting in designing team structures
  • Demonstrating the value of architecture
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10
Q

Why would one use a capability map?

A
  • Communicate Business Goals
  • Assess the current capabilities
  • Identify EA demands
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11
Q

Where would you get the data for a capability map?

A
  • Business Architecture
  • Information Architecture
  • Application Architecture
  • Infrastructure Architecture
  • Project
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12
Q

Name the School of Thoughts

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
  • Enterprise Integrating
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
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13
Q

SOT: Motto

A 
- Enterprise IT Architecting
EA is a glue between IT and biz
- Enterprise Integrating
EA is a link between strat. and exec.
- Enterprise Ecological Adaption
EA is the means for organizational innovation and sustainability
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14
Q

SOT: Objectives and Concerns

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
    Support IT Planning, Reduce costs, Enable Business
  • Enterprise Integrating
    Support organizational coherence
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
    Encourage system-in-environment coevolution
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15
Q

SOT: Principles and Assumptions

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
    Apply a reductionist (mechanistic) stance. Dont question biz strat
  • Enterprise Integrating
    Apply a holistic (systematic) stance. Dont question biz. strat.
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
    Environment can be changed. Jointly design all org. dimensions
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16
Q

SOT: Skills

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
    Have technical competence and engineering knowledge
  • Enterprise Integrating
    Facilitate small-group colab. Apply Systems Thinking
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
    Foster dialogue apply system and system-in-environment-thinking
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17
Q

SOT: Challenges

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
    Convince the org. to accept the designed plans
  • Enterprise Integrating
    Understand org. system dynamics collaborate across the org
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
    Foster sense-making Collab across Org
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18
Q

SOT: Insights

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
    Foster the creation of hq models and planning scenarios
  • Enterprise Integrating
    Enables significant orga. efficiency by eliminating unnecessary contracdictions and paradoxes
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
    Foster organizational innovation and sustainability
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19
Q

SOT: Limitations

A
  • Enterprise IT Architecting
    Can produce inadequate or unfeasible solutions
  • Enterprise Integrating
    Suspectible to perfect designs that support unsustainable strategies
  • Enterprise Ecological Adaption
    requieres many org preconditions
20
Q

Which SOT Would you recommend? Why?

A

EEA provides benefits of all groups and insures that the business Model respects to the market condition in a logical manner

21
Q

What is an EAM Pattern?

A

A general reuseable solution to a common problem in a given context, identifies driving forces, knows usage and consequences

22
Q

Name an EAM Antipattern

How to tackle

A

“Dont be a PP Architect”

  • Architects create highlevel architectural models
  • > Provide technical artefact, such as small MVPs Code snippets
23
Q

What Strategies for Vertical Disintegration exist?

A
  • Spin-off (Internal IT provider as independent enterprise with P&L response)
  • Outsource (Medium or long term relocation of a significant part of valuecreation to an external provider, often including employee and asset transfer)
  • Offshoring (Relocation of labour-intensive services into countries w/ lower factor costs)
24
Q

Make or Buy

A
  1. Business Importance
  2. Own Proficiency

Managed Partnering = 1H, 2L
Outsource = 1L, 1L
Make by yourself = 2H, 2L
Grow and offer = 1L, 2H

25
Q

What are the Key Topics of IT Governance

A
  • Establishment of Objectives
  • Decision-making
  • Compliance
  • Culture
26
Q

IT is traditionally undermanaged

A

Management: IT-Strat werden nicht gelebet
Projects: Ad-hoc Firefighting
Systems: Historisch gewachsen

27
Q

IT Governance Inherent Goal

A

Nachschauen

28
Q

Separating demand from supply

A

Critical process (effectiveness)

  • Know-how intensive
  • Success through customer focus
  • Specific process knowledge

Critical processes (efficiency)

  • Resource intensive
  • Success through industrialization
  • EoS
29
Q

What are the Phases of Projects Portfolio Management

A
  1. Idea generation
  2. Project proposal evaluation
  3. Scenario development
  4. Portfolio approval
30
Q

TOGAF +/-

A 
\+ Pervasive in practice
\+ Trainings available
\+ Open development
- Learning TOGAF ≠ Mastering TOGAF
- Lean EAM countermovement
31
Q

Archimate +/-

A

+ Predefined meta-model
+ Specific notation
- Limited extensibility
- Terminology mapping required

32
Q

IT4IT +/-

A 
\+ Open Development
\+ Certificates available
\+ Trainings available
- Learning IT4IT ≠ Mastering IT4IT
- Lack of concrete guidelines for introducing IT4IT
33
Q

EAM as a tool for complexity Management. Challenges when managing application Landscapes

A
  • IT lies in dense fog
  • Lack of interest on the part of business and management
  • Agility of IT does not keep pace w/ increasing business dynamics
34
Q

Business capabilitites focus on …?

A

The how and not the what

35
Q

What is an Advantage of EA Model

A

o Increases Strategic alignment business & IT

36
Q

What is an Disadvantage of EA Model

A

o Communicate the Added-value

37
Q

What Phases in EA Architecture exist?

A

o Current
o Planned
o Target

38
Q

What is meant with current phase in EAA?

A

As is state of EA, actual Architecture

39
Q

What is meant with the planned phase in EAA?

A

Devived form planned and budgeted project for transforming EA until a certain point in time

40
Q

What is meant with the Target phase in EAA?

A

(to-be), ideal-state pursued according to strategic and architectural principles of the organization

41
Q

Whats “Dont boil the Ocean”

A

Antipattern:
o Data collection efforts expensive and take time
=> Start w/ small Model, enlarge when needed incremental

42
Q

Whats “Dont build an ivory tower”

A

Antipattern:
o EA Initiatives as project and centralized
o Not talking to Stakeholder
=> Establish Shared Language, demonstrate quick wins

43
Q

What is a business Capabilitiy?

A

A functional building block of the business architecture that supports the business model and the business strategy. It defines the orgas capa to succesffully perform a unique business activitiy

44
Q

What differs a business capability form a process?

A

Describes what an enterprise does and business process how its done

45
Q

Whats a busniess capability map?

A

A visual represnatiation of the main functions in the enterprise which are necessary to support the companys business model and which redects the companys strategic direction

46
Q

What is an Usecase for BCM?

A

o Application Lifecycle: Pay special attention to capabilitites w/ many applications
o Cost vs. User Count Ration. Identify inefficient capabilities by analzying each applications cost

47
Q

What are the Benefits of EAM?

A

o Organizational alignment (common goals􏰲consensus)
o Information availability (access, standardized 􏰲 faster & better decisions)
o Resource portfolio optimization (no redundancy 􏰲 reduced cost & skill variation)
o Resource complementarity (integration, interoperability􏰲performance, re-use)

IT Strat (2 decks)

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