Readings - Module 2 Flashcards
Female hypo-active sexual desire disorder
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder is defined as a persistent or recurrent deficiency or absence of sexual desire or receptivity to sexual activity that causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty.
Most common FSD with an estimated prevalence rate ranging between 5.4 - 13.6%. Reaches a peak between 30 - 60 years and in individuals having undergone surgical menopause.
Female sexual aversion disorder
Sexual aversion disorder is defined as a persistent or recurrent aversive response to genital contact with a sexual partner that causes distress or interpersonal difficulty.
Risk factors for hypo-active sexual desire disorder
Risk factors include:
- chronic disease,
- depression
- medications, including SSRIs, some oral contraceptives, corticosteroids
- atrophic vaginitis and pelvic floor sx can lead to dyspareunia & sexual aversion leading to hypo active sexual desire disorder
- endocrine and adrenal insufficiency problems
- dysfunctional interpersonal relationships
Female sexual aversion disorder prevalence, risk factors
Prevalence is not well established
Risk factors: painful or traumatic life events.
Treatment: psychotherapy and antidepressants for patients with associated anxiety.
Female sexual dysfunction conditions
Categorized as:
- Sexual desire disorders (hypo-active sexual desire disorder and sexual aversion disorder)
- Sexual arousal disorder
- Orgasmic disorder
- Sexual pain disorder (dyspareunia and vaginismus)
Female Sexual Arousal Disorder
Female sexual arousal disorder refers to an inability to complete sexual activity with adequate lubrication that causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty.
Female Sexual Arousal Disorder, causes and treatments
Frequently linked to a gynecologic or chronic medical condition or the use of certain medications. Can be r/t atrophic vaginitis after spontaneous menopause or oophorectomy
Treatments: Resolves when inciting disorder is successfully treated or medication is changed or adjusted.
Meds: SSRIs often linked with female sexual arousal disorder.
Female Orgasmic Disorder
Female orgasmic disorder is a persistent or recurrent delay in or absence of orgasm after a normal excitement phase, which causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty.
Female orgasmic disorder, prevalence
Reported prevalence of 3.4 - 5.8%
Primary orgasmic disorder
Primary orgasmic disorder is defined as never having the ability to achieve orgasm. Women with primary disorder have normal levels of sexual desire but are unable to achieve orgasm. Associated with a history of trauma or abuse or can have genetic origins, but also may have no explanation. Does not resolve on its own.
Treatment, in cases of abuse, psychotherapy and couples counseling.
Secondary orgasmic disorder
Secondary orgasmic disorder is generally the result of another sexual dysfunction. Frequently linked with hypo-active sexual desire disorder and having the same situational and psychosocial causes.
Causes: pelvic surgery, medications (such as antidepressants, especially SSRIs). Social causes include: age, social class, personality, and relationship status, religious and cultural beliefs.
Female Sexual Pain Disorders
Dyspareunia and vaginismus are two subcategories of sexual pain disorders.
Dyspareunia
Dyspareunia is recurrent or persistent genital pain associated with sexual intercourse that is not caused exclusively by lack of lubrication or by vaginismus and causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. Common, particularly in postmenopausal women with a prevalence range from 8 - 22%.
Vaginismus
Vaginismus is recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse, causing marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. Rare, prevalence rates from 1 - 6%.
Dyspareunia, physical exam
Physical exam will reproduce the pain when the vulva or vagina is touched with a cotton swab or when a finger is inserted into the vagina. Palpation of the walls of the vagina, uterus, and urethral structures can help identify physiologic contributions.
