Readings and Theorists Flashcards
ecology - shaw and mckay
consistency of crime/deviance in transition zone is caused by DISORGANIZATION, regardless of ethnicity
ecology - sellin
culture conflicts are a major cause of crime
diverse and clashing beliefs produce ignorance and misunderstanding
ecology - shaw and mckay - diff. system of values
argues that the transitional zone lacks stable/normative order due to the fact that poorer classes tend to have different values than upper/middle classes
learning - cohen
claimed that the content of delinquent subculture includes hedonism, NON-utilitarianism, maliciousness, negativity
learning - miller
LOWER CLASS individuals produce crime culture
learning - sykes and matza
people are incapable of criminality because they are socialized into conformity
peer influence is high in children!
learning - sutherland
crime is PURELY learned
learning - burgess and akers
claim that actions, whether good or bad, are reinforced due to one’s environment
learning - cloward and owen
criminality is dependent on the opportunity given - whether to conform or to commit deviant acts
control - cohen and felson
crime is due to rational choice and environmental influence
control - brantingham(s)
four dimensions of crime: the law, the offender, the target, the place
examine the architectural influences on criminal conduct
control - sampson and laub
lifelong perspective on crime and attempt to find the variables that encourage or deter a person from committing crime
control - moffit
emphasizes the biological tendency for anti-social behaviour
labeling - tannenbaum
institutions amplify, label, and tag people, particularly in media
labeling - lemert
differentiated primary and secondary deviance
