Readings Flashcards
What was studied in the reading “Child neglect: developmental issues and outcomes” by hildyard?
How child neglect has an impact on child development.
What are the major findings/main points in the article by Hildyard? for infants and children
-Infants and children on cognitive and moral development: Lower scores on the on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. less enthusiastic, more frustrated, and
angrier in problem-solving tasks (poor coping abilities), Lower IQ scores
-Social, emotional**, and behavioral development: more likely to have anxious attachments. low levels of positive self-representation. less able to discriminate emotions from others.
What are the major findings/main points in the article by Hildyard? for school age children and adolescents
Cognitive development: lowest academic achievement
Social and Behavioral problems: socially withdrawn and avoid peer all continued from infancy.
Emotional issues: same as infancy.
What are the major findings/main points in the article by Hildyard? for older adolescents and adults
- lower IQ scores and reading ability
- at risk for adult criminal behavior, elevated symptoms of anxiety and depression, more at risk of developing personalty disorders
What are the implications of hildyard and how does this inform the trauma field?
shows us more about the differences between the effects of neglect and the effects of abuse on children. it gives us more context into help defining people’s disorders and how to best care for them
What was studied in Long-Term Developmental, Behavioral, and Attachment Outcomes After International Adoption by Weitzman and Albers?
Impact of institutional care on child development
What are the major findings or main points to take away from the weitzman article? cognitive development
Cognitive development: k suggests an increased risk of ‘‘moderate’’ developmental difficulties with increased age at adoption. -cognitive difficulties
-the children who had the greatest cognitive deficits over time were also those who spent the longest time in an institution and who had presented with the most severe subnutrition at the time of adoption
What are the major findings or main points to take away from the weitzman article? behavioral development
-parents are stressed trying to navigate behavioral issues with children
-behaviors that may present as potentially problematic
may in fact represent a typical response to an atypical stress and may be ameliorated or exacerbated by family and community responses to the child’s situation
What are the implications or how does this inform the trauma field? Weitzman article
Exhibits how being raised in an institution impacts attachment styles.
-indiscriminate sociability
-superficial relationships
-more likely to have insecure relationship attachment styles and disorganized attachment strategies
***the length of a child’s deprivation is negatively associated with
security of attachment and attachment disorder behaviors.
What was studied in the article A Developmental Perspective
on Childhood Traumatic Stress? by Brown et al
the effects of trauma on child development
What are the major findings or main points in A Developmental Perspective on Childhood Traumatic Stress? by Brown et al
- cognitive
- behavioral/emotional
kinds raised in abusive or neglectful households:
-low level state of fear
-focus on non-verbal cues rather than verbal
-lower IQ and reading
behavioral:
*decreased capacity for emotional regulation
-increased risk of PTSD, anxiety, depression, etc.
What are the major findings or main points in A Developmental Perspective on Childhood Traumatic Stress? by Brown et al
- parent/child relationship
- developmental
- birth to preschool: reenact trauma in play, emotional difficulties (anxiety)
- School age: sleep problems and loss of energy
adolescence: poor academic performance, physical complaints - *we need assessment measures for chronic trauma
What was studied? Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Maltreated Youth: A Review of Contemporary Research and Thought Kearney et al
Effects of chronic traumatic events on maltreated children.
What are the major findings or main points to take away from Kearney et al article?
implications?
-physical problems such as smaller brain size, neural development issues, poor regulation of HPA axis
-dont develop proper ways to cope with stress
-researchers will
need to identify how different aspects of maltreatment, including neglect or family separation, lead to various aspects of PTSD or lack of symptoms. In addition,
greater consideration is needed of developmental changes, culture, and other contextual variables with respect to assessment measures.
Van Der Kolk
- complex trauma:
- ACE study: adverse childhood experiences are more common than acknowledged and they impact adult health
- chronic trauma interfers with neurobiological development
- security of attachment bond mitigates against trauma-induced terror
- children with insecure attachment styles have trouble relying on others and are unable to regulate their emotions
- new diagnosis called developmental trauma disorder to capture effects of chronic exposure to traumatic events in children
