reading flash cards

Question 1

what is cerebral edema

Answer 1

accumulation of fluids within the brain

Question 2

what is a stroke

Answer 2

cessation of cerebral blood flow and oxygen-glucose deprivation sets in motion a series of pathological events.

Question 3

what kind of stroke produce cerebral edema

Answer 3

Ischemic strokes

Question 4

when does cerebral edema reach is max

Answer 4

3-4 day after insult

Question 5

what is the result of cerebral edema

Answer 5

Result of tissue necrosis and widespread rupture of cell membranes with movement of fluid from the blood into brain tissues.

Question 6

what are the Clinical signs of elevating intracranial pressure (ICP)

Answer 6

o decreasing level of consciousness (stupor and coma),
o widened pulse pressure,
o increased heart rate,
o irregular respirations (Cheyne-Stokes respirations),
o vomiting, unreacting pupils (cranial nerve [CN] III signs)
o Papilledema.

Question 7

what is a Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Answer 7

temporary interruption of blood supply to the brain

Question 8

how long does a TIA last

Answer 8

Few min to hour but do not last more than 24hrs

Question 9

what is a Deteriorating stroke

Answer 9

refers to the patient whose neurological status deteriorates after admission to the hospital.

Question 10

what is consider a young stroke

Answer 10

less than 45 years old

Question 11

what is - Fluent aphasia

Answer 11

wernickes

Question 12

what is - Nonfluent aphasia

Answer 12

brocas

Question 13

what is - Dysphagia

Answer 13

inability to swallow or difficulty in swallowing

Question 14

Swallowing dysfunction of the oral stage whihc CN

Answer 14

CN V [trigeminal], CN VII [facial])

Question 15

Pharyngeal stage dysphalogia - which CN

Answer 15

CN IX [glossopharyngeal], CN X [vagus], and CN XI [accessory])

Question 16

o oral and pharyngeal dysphalogia - which CN

Answer 16

CN XII [hypoglossal])

Question 17

what does NPO mean

Answer 17

nothing by mouth

Question 18

cognitive dysfunction with stroke is associated with

Answer 18

Result of lesions affecting the prefrontal cortex, limbic system, and limbic cortex

Question 19

what stays intact STM or LTM

Answer 19

STM effect
LTM stays

Question 20

STM issue due to what area of the brain

Answer 20

lesion in the limbic system, limbic associated cortex, or temporal lobes

Question 21

LTM is due to a issue where in the brain

Answer 21

the hippocampus

Question 22

what is confabulation

Answer 22

memory gaps may be filled with inappropriate words or fabricated stories

Question 23

what is Preservation

Answer 23

the continue rep of words, thoughts, or actions that are not related to current context

the pt gets stuck

Question 24

what is the brain issue that causes preservation

Answer 24

prefrontal/premotor

Question 25

what is multi-infract dementia

Answer 25

impairments in memory and cognition, fluctuates in function results from multiple small infarcts of the brain

Question 26

what is delirium

Answer 26

acute confusional state Hallucinations are common

Question 27

when is delirium most often see in stroke

Answer 27

More freq seen in the acute stage of stroke

Question 28

what is Pseudobulbar affect (PBA)

Answer 28

emotional outbursts of uncontrolled or exaggerated laughing or crying that are inconsistent with mood.

Question 29

what is apathy

Answer 29

shallow affect and blunted emotional responses

Question 29

what is Euphoria

Answer 29

exaggerated feeling of well being

Question 29

what do we see with Left hemisphere lesions (right hemiplegia)

Answer 29

demonstrate difficulties in communication and in processing information in a sequential, linear manner. (language)

Question 30

what do we see with Right hemisphere lesions (left hemiplegia)

Answer 30

demonstrate difficulty in spatialperceptual tasks and in grasping the whole idea of a task or activity. (neglect) o Frequently described as quick and impulsive o Tend to overestimate their abilities

Question 31

what is agnosia

Answer 31

our brain can’t recognize something, even though your senses can detect it Loss of the ability to identify objects or people.

Question 32

Visual perceptual deficits include

Answer 32

body scheme/body image, spatial relations, agnosia

Question 33

what brain issue is visual perceptual deficits due to

Answer 33

right partial cortex

Question 34

what is Body scheme

Answer 34

the postural model of the body, relationship of each body part to each other

Question 35

what is Body image

Answer 35

the visual and mental image of ones’ body

Question 36

what is Spatial relations syndrome

Answer 36

group of impairments that have in common a difficulty in perceiving the relationship between the self and two or more objects in the environment.

Question 37

what is - Unilateral neglect

Answer 37

lack of awareness of part of the body or the external environment