READING AND WRITING ALL Flashcards
A comprehensive list of the applicant’s relevant credentials Aims to full convince in details a prospective employer
Resume
TYPES OF RESUME (3)
Chronological
Functional
Combinational
Lists previous jobs and dates
- Most recent job first
Chronological
Highlights skills and abilities
Little emphasis on a date line
The one we will use (students)
Functional
Similar to a functional resume in format
Lists specific employment dates and positions
Combination of chronological and functional
Combinational
Format of Resume (7)
Contact Information
Objective or Career Profile
Summary of Skills (Optional)
Work Experience
Education Qualifications
Professional Affiliations (Optional)
References
Name, address, contact numbers, or email address
Contact Information
Job title you want, and the main reason why they should consider you for the position
Objective or Career Profile
Skills that are directly relevant to the job you are seeking
Summary of Skills (Optional)
List of your previous employment history
Work Experience
List of diploma, degree, or certificate and the school name, address of the school, and year graduated
Education Qualifications
List of memberships in an organization
Professional Affiliations (Optional)
List of at least two people who can positively recommend you as an employee
References
List of at least two people who can positively recommend you as an employee
References
easy-to-read font and size (VACT)
Verdana
Arial
Calibri
Times New Roman
10 - 12 font size
One-page letter attached to the resume when applying
Aims to highlight the applicant’s experience and personal qualities
Writing an Application for Employment
3 Formats of Job Application Letter
Full Block
Modified Block
Semi-block
All parts are justified to the left
The one we use
Full Block
Applicant’s address, complimentary close, signature and sender’s identification are shifted to the right side
Modified Block
First sentence in each paragraph is indented
Semi-block
- “Cover letter”, type of personal business correspondence
- States intention to work in a particular organization
- Should be enclosed every time when sending a resume
*Some online jobs do not require this
-Corporate experts are more likely to read a resume accompanied by a cover letter
-Response to a job advertisement, an unsolicited inquiry to a prospective employer
*Part of your direct mail strategy or a letter to a recruitment agency
Job Application Letter
Parts of Job Application Letter (3)
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Introduce yourself and state your purpose in writing to the receiver
Indicate your source of information in learning about the job vacancy
Add an interesting statement about yourself that will cause the reader to continue reading your credentials
Show enthusiasm to work in the company
Introduction
- Present work experience, academic qualifications, trainings, and some personal qualities with specific evidence
- Organize your paragraphs accordingly
- Segregate them by theme
- Explain the benefits to the employers if they hire you
*Do not simply give faces; explain how the facts will contribute to the company - Don’t merely tell the company about all the training you had
*You can say, “I have extensive training in copyediting. You will save both time and money because I will need little training on this area” - In the last part of the body, refer the reader to a specific part of the resume that suggests your stronger credentials for the position
Body
- Indicate your interest for an interview at a time convenient to the employer
*Specify the time you are available if required - Indicate how the interviewer can contact you
- Express an expectation of positive response
- Thank the employer
Conclusion
Means communication on matters of personal, official, and business interest
Various Forms of Correspondence
Communication or exchange of information in a written format for the process of business activities
Business correspondence
qualities of Business correspondence (7)
Simplicity
Clarity
Accuracy
Completeness
Relevance
Courtesy
Neatness
Simple and easy language should be used
Simplicity
Language should be clear with proper punctuation
Clarity
Statement should be accurate
Accuracy
Provide all necessary information
Completeness
Contain only essential information
Relevance
Should win the heart of the reader
Courtesy
A neat letter is always impressive
Neatness
Types of Business correspondence (8)
Memorandum(Memo)
E-mail
Agenda
Minutes
Inquiry Letter
Quotation letter
Sales letter
Complaint Letter
Document sent within a company
Brief and straight to the point
Highlights certain aspects
Includes:
To
From
Date
Subject
Department
Location
Memorandums (Memos)
Communication sent from one computer to another
*Via a network
Usage has become widespread
*Became a mainstream form of business communication
Document that outlines the contents of a forthcoming meeting
* Sent along with the notice of the meaning
Agenda
Official record of the proceedings of a meeting
Once approved and signed, even a court of law accepts them as evidence of the proceedings
Minutes
Written by a prospective buyer to a prospective seller
* To make an inquiry into the items and conditions for buying a product
Inquiry Letter
Letter written by a prospective seller to the prospective buyer
* Quoting various terms and conditions for the sale of the products
May contain the following points:
Specification of the product
Quantity
Price
Delivery Time
Quotation Letter
Marketing tool that promotes goods and services
Aims to persuade the reader to buy what the letter offers
Sales Letter
Written when the buyer/customer does not find the goods up to their satisfaction
Draws the attention of the supplier or any other party on account of supply of defective or damaged goods
Complaint Letter
Absorbing and dissecting a material, not just perusing it
Asks questions about the text:
Why it happened?
How it happened?
What should’ve been done instead?
What should be done thereafter?
Critical Reading
Process of expressing and explaining one’s ideas and opinions as well as giving justifications to a stand
Reasoning
A process that entails the presentation of a logical and organized argument
Also involves the evaluation and analysis of the text
Engaging yourself by asking questions like:
What is the author trying to say?
What is the argument being presented?
ritical Reading as a Form of Reasoning
THREE TYPES OF READING AND DISCUSSION (Kurkland, 2010):
What a text says
What a text does
What does a text mean
After reading, you should be able to to take notes and paraphrase using your own words for better understanding (restatement)
What a text says
Assert what you have understood by providing your own examples and comparing other writings (description)
What a text does
Fully analyze the text and give your meaning of the text as a whole (interpretation)
What does a text mean
Critical Reading Strategies (7)
Preview
Contextualize
Formulate Questions to Understand and Remember
Reflect on Challenges to your Beliefs and Values
Outline and Summarize
Evaluating an Argument
Compare and Contrast Related Readings
Learn about the text before really reading it
Enables readers to get a sense of what the text is about and how it is organized before reading it closely
Preview
Place a text in its historical, biographical, and cultural contexts
When reading a text you use your own point of view
Contextualize
Asking questions about the content
Helps you understand a reading and respond to it more fully
Formulate your own questions as you read the text for the first time
Each question should focus on a main idea and expressed in your own words
Formulate Questions to Understand and Remember
Mark an X in the margin at each point you recognize a personal challenge to your attitudes, beliefs, or opinions
Make a brief note and look again at the places marked, observe the pattern
Reflect on Challenges to your Beliefs and Values
Identifying the main idea and stating them in your own words
Outline and Summarize
Reveals the basic structure of the text
Outlining
Captures a selection’s main content in brief
Summarizing
Testing the logic of a text as well as its credibility and emotional impact
Evaluating an Argument
Exploring likenesses and differences between texts to understand them better
Many authors are concerned with the same issue, but vary in approaching on how to discuss them
Fitting a text into an ongoing conversation/debate helps increase our understand of why an author approached a particular issue or question in the way they did
Compare and Contrast Related Readings
A way of giving a better explanation to show the strength and weaknesses of something through writing
Presents a value judgment based on a set criteria
Gives sound judgment that is backed up/supported by valid reasons or proofs
Writer’s way of explaining why a strength is a strength and a weakness a weakness based on the evidence gathered
Evaluative Statements
Formulated after reading the text carefully and critically
Grasping the essence and checking for fallacies
Done in the same way you do any other writing
Statement is about your judgment of the text’s content and property
Process of Formulating an Evaluative Statement
Two Steps in The Process of Formulating an Evaluative Statement
- Formulating assertions about the content and properties of a text read
- Formulating a meaningful counterclaim in response to a claim made in the text read
Declarative sentences that claim something is true about something else
Either true or false
A good critical reader is able to logically evaluate the claims of the writer
Any writer would want to consider their claims
In expository writing, assertions are the primary channel for a reader to assent a claim
Assertions
4 Types of Assertions
Fact
Convention
Opinion
Preference
Statement that can be proven objectively by:
Direct experience
Testimonies of witnesses
Verified observations
Results of research
Fact
The way something is done, similar to traditions and norms
Depends on historical precedents, laws, rules, usage, and customs
Truthfulness is verified by how commonly held definitions and beliefs are interpreted
May sound factual due to it being derived from customs
Cannot be verified by measurements as they are socially accepted
Convention
Based on fact but are difficult to objectively verify
Uncertainty of producing satisfactory proofs of soundness
Result from ambiguities
More ambiguous, more difficult to verify
Based on an observation
Needs to be proven by studies and repeated observation
Opinion
Based on personal choice
Subjective
Cannot be objectively proven or logically attacked
Preference
It is not enough to be able to identify claims and assertions to be a effective critical thinker
Analyzing an argument is essential to understanding the text more deeply
Understanding the claim is not the only facet of the argument
You must learn how to analyze counterclaims and evidences provided by the text
To be able to recognize and formulate counterclaims is a characteristic of a good critical reader
Formulating Counterclaims
