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Elementary Content Knowledge > Reading and language Arts > Flashcards

Reading and language Arts Flashcards

0
Q

Reading develops through a series of development stage. As writing development, children move through three stages:

A
  1. Emergent Reading
  2. Beginning Reading
  3. Fluent Reading
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1
Q

Children’s writing develops through stages from scribbling to conventional writing?

A
  1. Emergent Writing
  2. Beginning Writing
  3. Fluent Writing
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2
Q

Consonants

A

Are all sounds represented by letters of the alphabet a,e,I,o,u and sometimes y w

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3
Q

Consonant digraphs

A

Two or more consonants combined to produce a new sound……Ch,sh,th

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4
Q

Consonant Blends

A

Are two or more consonants appearing together in words whose individual sounds are blended together. Example: bl,cr,sk,str

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5
Q

Structural analysis

A

It involves the use of known word parts to identify unknown words. Afffixes, inflectional endings such as -s, -Ed, -ing, -Lu contractions and compound words

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6
Q

Affixes & Root Words

A

Affixes may be either prefixes that come before the root word ex: un-(not), re-(do again) , pre-(before)

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7
Q

Suffixes

A

are at the end of a word

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8
Q

Inflectional Endings

A

Are suffixes that change the tense or degree of a word but not it’s meaning I.e. -Ed, -ing, -ly

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9
Q

Contractions

A

Are formed when two or more words are shortened into one word.
Example: we will (we’ll) do not (don’t)

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10
Q

Compound Words

A

To or more root words that are combined into new words.

Example: butter, fly (butterfly)

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11
Q

Long vowel sounds

A

CV-consonant, vowel such as in the word (ME)

Cve-consonant, vowel, silent e as in the word (BIKE)

CVVC-consonant,vowel,vowel, consonant as in the word (MEET)

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12
Q

Short Vowels

A

VC-vowel, consonant such as in the word (at)

CVC-consonant, vowel, consonant, as in the word (POT)

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13
Q

R-controlled sounds

A

Vr- vowel followed by R as in the word (ART)

CVr-consonant, vowel followed by r as in the word car

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14
Q

Digraph/diphthong variations

A

VV-vowel digraph as in look or vowel diphthong as in (SOIL)

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15
Q

Fluency

A

The ability to read text with accuracy, appropriate rate, and good expression

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16
Q

Factors that influence Fluency and Comprehension

A

Prior Knowledge, context, vocabulary knowledge, and attention to graphic cues

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17
Q

Level of Comprehension

A
  1. Literal (lowest level, reading the lines)
  2. Interpretive (second level,read between the lines)
  3. Evaluative(highest level, read beyond the lines)
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18
Q

Strategies that facilitate comprehension before reading

A
  1. Activate prior knowledge( connections they make between the text, their lives and the larger world)
  2. Predicting(making predictions based on cover)
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19
Q

Strategies that facilitate comprehension during reading

A
  1. Mapping text structures (story maps)
  2. Visualizing (visual images based on the words they read in text)
  3. Drawing inferences( take what they know and speculate what’s to come)
  4. Determining important ideas (main ideas and important supporting details)
  5. Repairing understanding( clarify the authors meaning)
  6. Using the parts of the book
  7. Reflect( stop and reflect on literal, interpretive, or evaluative questions)
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20
Q

Strategies that facilitate comprehension after reading

A
  1. Synthesize information(combining new information with existing info to form and idea or interpretation)
  2. Reflecting (think about or reflect on what you have read)
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21
Q

Antonyms

A

Words that are opposite in meaning

For example: cold,frigid,chilly,cool are all opposite of hot

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22
Q

Synonyms

A

Words that have the same meaning

For Example: hot(scorching) sizzling(sultry)

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23
Q

Mutiple meaning words

A

Words that have more than one meaning

Example: Bank

24
Q

Homonyms

A

Words that have similar sounds or spellings

25
Q

Homophones

A

Words that sound the same but are spelled differently

Example: their, there and they’re; our and hour;bare and bear

26
Q

Homogrpahs

A

Words that are spelled the same but are pronounced different

27
Q

HOMOGRAPHIC HOMOPHONES

A

Words that are spelled the same and pronounced the same but have different meanings

28
Q

Stories

A

Have a specific structure including a clear begining, middle, and end

29
Q

Poetry

A

Use vivid and colorful words arranged in lines, stanza or other shapes depending on the type

30
Q

Genre

A

Refers to the category of literature

31
Q

Traditional Literature

A

Includes tales that have been handed down from one generation to the next through oral stories

32
Q

Folk tales

A

Tell the adventures of animal or human characters

33
Q

Fables

A

Brief tales in which animal characters that talk and act like humans teach a moral lesson

34
Q

Myths

A

Explain something in life or nature such as thunder and lightning and or illustrated human emotions and experiences such as love or death

35
Q

Legends

A

Are based on some fact but are exaggerated

36
Q

Modern fantasy

A

Includes story with unrealistic or worldly elements but that are written by identifiable

37
Q

Contemporary realistic

A

Fiction includes stories that are consistent with the lives of real people in our contemporary world

I.e. Realistic doesn’t mean that the story is true however it means the story could have happen

38
Q

Historical fiction

A

Tells realistic stories of history

I.e. Story could have happened

39
Q

Informational

A

Include ideas, facts or principles related to the physical, biological or social world

40
Q

Biographies & Autobiographes

A

Factual stories about people

41
Q

Narrative poem

A

Tells a story

42
Q

Lyric poetry

A

Statement of mood or feeling (song lyrics)

43
Q

Limericks

A

Five line poems in which the first, second and fifth lines rhyme

44
Q

Concrete poems

A

Written in the shape of its meaning, forming a picture

45
Q

Haiku

A

Three unrhymed lines: the first and last line have five syllables each, the second line has seven syllables

46
Q

Genres of writing

A
  1. Narrative, that which tells a story
  2. Expository, which informs
  3. Descriptive, which describes or paints a picture with words
  4. Persuasive, which is used to convince the reader of position or point of view
47
Q

Description

A

Writers describe a topic by listing characteristics, features, and examples

48
Q

Sequence

A

Writers list items or events in numerical or chronological order

49
Q

Comparison

A

Writers explain how two or more things are alike or different

50
Q

Cause and effect

A

Writers describe one or more causes and the resulting effect or effects in this pattern

51
Q

Problem and solution

A

Writers present a problem and offer one or more solutions in this expository structure

52
Q

Noun

A

Person, place, or thing

53
Q

Pronoun

A

Used to take the place of noun

54
Q

Adjectives

A

Describes, defines, or limits a noun or pronoun

55
Q

Preposition

A

Word that shows relationship between a noun or pronoun

For example: on, under, or above

56
Q

Conjunction

A

A word that connects a word and others words or phases

For Example: and, or and but.

57
Q

Interjections

A

Expressive words such as wow, ah, or oh. They are used to show strong emotions

58
Q

VERB

A

Used to show action, as jump, run, or hop, or to show a state being as in is, will or seem.

Elementary Content Knowledge (5 decks)

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