Reading Flashcards

1
Q

harsh

A

unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary
令人不快的;严酷的;(无端地)严厉的
harsh criticism

too strong, bright, loud, etc.
刺眼的;刺耳的;过于强烈的
harsh chemicals/lighting

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2
Q

ever-present

A

used to describe something that is always there
始终存在的,永远在场的

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3
Q

tear

A

/teər/ /teər/
to pull or be pulled apart, or to pull pieces off
(被)撕开,(被)撕掉,(被)撕裂

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4
Q

slip

A

to slide without intending to
滑倒;失脚

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5
Q

slide

A

to (cause to) move easily and without interruption over a surface
(使)滑动,(使)滑行
to go into a worse state, often through lack of control or care
下滑;衰落;逐渐陷入

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6
Q

dash

A

to go somewhere quickly
猛冲,急奔,跑

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7
Q

expose

A

to remove what is covering something so that it can be seen
暴露;露出;使曝光
to make public something bad or dishonest
揭露,揭发,揭穿坏事(或不诚实之事)

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8
Q

squash

A

to crush something into a flat shape
把…压扁;把…挤扁

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9
Q

stir

A

to mix a liquid or other substance by moving an object such as a spoon in a circular pattern
(用汤匙等)搅动,搅拌

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10
Q

soil

A

the material on the surface of the ground in which plants grow
泥土,土壤

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11
Q

graphology

A

the study of the way people write letters and words, especially in order to discover things about their characters
(尤指用以推断人的性格等的)笔迹学

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12
Q

reveal

A

to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret
揭露;泄露;透露
to allow something to be seen that, until then, had been hidden
使显露;展现;显示
A gap in the clouds revealed the Atlantic far below.
从云缝中可以看到远在下方的大西洋。

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13
Q

recruitment

A

the process of finding people to work for a company or become a new member of an organization
招聘,吸收

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14
Q

improvise

A

to invent or make something, such as a speech or a device, at the time when it is needed without already having planned it
临时做;即兴做
I hadn’t prepared a speech so I suddenly had to improvise.
我没有准备演讲,所以突然之间我只得即兴讲几句。
We improvised a mattress from a pile of blankets.
为了能有地方睡觉,我们临时用一摞毯子作床垫。

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15
Q

reliance

A

the state of depending on or trusting in something or someone
依赖,依靠;信任,信赖
The region’s reliance on tourism is unwise.
这一地区依赖旅游业谋发展是不明智的。
You place too much reliance on her ideas and expertise.
你过于信赖她的想法和专业知识了。

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16
Q

in tune

A

singing or playing notes that are at the right pitch (= level) or that agree with others being sung or played
合调,入调

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17
Q

revelation

A

the act of making something known that was secret, or a fact that is made known
暴露;被揭示的真相,被揭露的内情
a moment of revelation
真相大白的一刻
[ + that ] His wife divorced him after the revelation that he was having an affair.
他的婚外情暴露后,他的妻子和他离了婚。

18
Q

wrapper

A

a piece of paper, plastic, or other material that covers and protects something
包装材料;包装纸

19
Q

take up

A

to start doing a particular job or activity
开始(工作或活动)
He’s taken up the position of supervisor.
他已经开始担任监督员一职。
[ + -ing verb ] Have you ever thought of taking up acting?
你想过去当演员吗?
Patti took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off.
帕蒂接着讲苏没有讲完的故事。

to fill an amount of space or time
占据(地方或时间)
This desk takes up too much room.
这张桌子太占地方。
Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date numbers.
这份报告里尽是些过期的数据。

20
Q

generational

A

relating to different generations (= groups of people or members of a family who are around the same age)
代际的,代与代之间的
Reactions to the changes seem to reflect a generational divide.
A generational shift is taking place as newer, younger business leaders emerge.
a generational rift/split/gap
代际分歧/分裂/代沟

21
Q

sketch

A

a simple, quickly-made drawing that does not have many details
草图,速写;素描
My mother made a (pencil) sketch of my brother reading a book.
我母亲画了一张我弟弟在读书的(铅笔)速写。

a short written or spoken story that does not have many details
短文;短剧

22
Q

cupboard

A

a piece of furniture or a space for storing things, with a door or doors and usually with shelves
橱柜;壁橱;壁柜
a kitchen cupboard
厨房碗柜
We keep the hoover and mop in a cupboard under the stairs.
Is there plenty of cupboard space (= are there many cupboards) in your new house?
你的新居有很多壁柜吗?

23
Q

flop

A

[ C usually singular ] informal
a failure
失败,不成功
The play was a complete/total flop.
这出戏彻底砸了锅。

verb
fall

24
Q

celebrity

A

noun
UK /səˈleb.rə.ti/ US /səˈleb.rə.t̬i/
someone who is famous, especially in the entertainment business
(尤指娱乐行业的)名人,明星;名流

[ U ]
the state of being famous
名声,名气,名望

25
Q

aptly

A

adverb
UK /ˈæpt.li/ US /ˈæpt.li/
in a way that is suitable or right for a particular situation
适当地,恰当地;合适地
aptly named We spent a week at the aptly named Grand View Hotel.
我们在丽景酒店住了一周,酒店的风景真是名副其实。
“Perseverance” aptly describes his hard work to complete the project.
“毅力”这个名字很恰当地描述了他为完成这个项目所做的努力。

26
Q

circular

A

adjective
UK /ˈsɜː.kjə.lər/ US /ˈsɝː.kjə.lɚ/
B2
shaped like a circle
圆形的,环形的
a circular flowerbed/tablecloth
圆形花坛/桌布

C2
A circular argument is one that keeps returning to the same points and is not effective.
循环论证的;迂回而无效的

noun [ C ]
a letter or notice sent to a large number of people
(同时发给很多人的)通知,通报,传单
Circulars and other junk mail go straight in the bin.
传单和其他的垃圾邮件直接扔进垃圾桶。

27
Q

parallel

A

adjective
UK /ˈpær.ə.lel/ US /ˈper.ə.lel/
parallel adjective (POSITION)
If two or more lines, streets, etc. are parallel, the distance between them is the same all along their length.
平行的
Draw a pair of parallel lines.
画两条平行线。
Hills Road is parallel to Mill Road.
希尔斯路和米尔路平行。

used to describe an event or situation that happens at the same time as and/or is similar to another one
同时发生的;相同的,类似的
a parallel example
类似的例子
Parallel experiments are being conducted in Rome, Paris and London.
类似的试验正在罗马、巴黎和伦敦同时进行。

28
Q

description

A

/dɪˈskrɪp.ʃən/

29
Q

gorgeous

A

very beautiful or pleasant
极其漂亮的,美丽动人的;令人愉快的
What a gorgeous room/dress/colour!
多漂亮的房间/连衣裙/颜色啊!
The bride looked gorgeous.
新娘看上去美极了。
The weather was so gorgeous.
天气非常宜人。

30
Q

infiltration

A

noun [ U ]
UK /ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən/
the process of secretly becoming part of a group in order to get information or to influence the way that a group thinks or behaves
卧底,渗透(进入某组织进行调查或施加影响)
Police infiltration of Greenpeace sparked the scandal.
警方在绿色和平中卧底,引发了一场丑闻。

the process of moving slowly into a substance, place, system, or organization
渗透(进入某物质、地方、系统或机构)
It is important to manage moisture infiltration into buildings.
控制潮湿侵入建筑很重要。

MEDICAL specialized
the process in which substances build up in tissue or cells where they are not normally found or where they are normally found in much lower amounts
浸润(一些正常状态下没有的,或超过正常量的成分在组织或细胞中蓄积)
Neuropathic pain is caused by infiltration of nervous tissue by cancer cells.
神经性疼痛是由癌细胞浸润神经组织造成。

31
Q

espionage

A

noun [ U ]
UK /ˈes.pi.ə.nɑːʒ/ US /ˈes.pi.ə.nɑːʒ/
the discovering of secrets, especially political or military information of another country or the industrial information of a business
(尤指获取他国政治、军事情报或商业情报的)间谍活动,间谍行为,刺探活动
military/industrial espionage
军事间谍活动/行业刺探行为

32
Q

idolatry

A

noun [ U ] often disapproving
UK /aɪˈdɒl.ə.tri/ US /aɪˈdɑː.lə.tri/
very great admiration or respect for someone, often too great
偶像崇拜;盲目崇拜
The youngster makes no attempt to conceal his idolatry of his team-mate.
那个小伙子一点都没掩盖对队友的崇拜。
Newton was revered to the point of idolatry.
对牛顿的敬仰到了偶像崇拜的地步。

the act of praying to a picture or object as part of a religion
(宗教)对着图片(或物件)祈祷
Father Brown considers the notes and flowers left near the statue to be close to idolatry.
布朗神父认为留在雕像旁边的便签和花束近乎对圣物的祈祷。

33
Q

strive

A

verb [ I ]
UK /straɪv/ US /straɪv/
strove or strived | striven or strived
to try very hard to do something or to make something happen, especially for a long time or against difficulties
(尤指长期或不畏艰难地)努力,奋斗,力争
[ + to infinitive ] Mr Roe has kindled expectations that he must now strive to live up to.
罗先生激发了人们的期望,现在他必须努力不辜负这种期望。
In her writing she strove for a balance between innovation and familiar prose forms.
她在写作中力图在创新和传统散文形式之间求得平衡。
Synonyms
attemptendeavour UKtry (ATTEMPT)

34
Q

fixated

A

adjective [ after verb ]
UK /fɪkˈseɪ.tɪd/ US /ˈfɪk.seɪ.t̬ɪd/
unable to stop thinking about something
异常依恋的;固恋的
a nation fixated on the past
固恋过去的国家
He became fixated with his best friend’s wife.
他对挚友的妻子异常思恋。

35
Q

fantasize

A

verb [ I or T ] (UK usually fantasise)
UK /ˈfæn.tə.saɪz/ US /ˈfæn.tə.saɪz/
to think about something very pleasant that is unlikely to happen
空想;幻想
He fantasized about winning the Nobel Prize.
他幻想过获得诺贝尔奖。
[ + that ] As a child, Emma fantasized that she would do something heroic.
孩提时代埃玛幻想过将来要做出些英雄事迹。

36
Q

heighten

A

verb [ I or T ]
UK /ˈhaɪ.tən/ US /ˈhaɪ.t̬ən/
to increase or make something increase, especially an emotion or effect
(使)(尤指某种情绪或效果)增强,加强
The strong police presence only heightened the tension among the crowd.
大批警察的出现只能使人群更加紧张。

37
Q

well-being

A

noun [ U ]
UK /ˌwelˈbiː.ɪŋ/ US /ˌwelˈbiː.ɪŋ/
the state of feeling healthy and happy
幸福;安康
People doing yoga benefit from an increased feeling of well-being.
练瑜伽的人内心的幸福感会不断增强。
Synonym
welfare

38
Q

interact

A

to communicate with or react to
交流,交往;互相作用,互相影响
Dominique’s teacher says that she interacts well with the other children.
多米尼克的老师说她与别的孩子相处得很好。
It’s interesting at parties to see how people interact socially.
在聚会上看人们如何交流沟通是很有趣的。
We are studying how these two chemicals interact.
我们在研究这两种化学物质是如何相互作用的。

39
Q

pharmaceutical

A

adjective
UK /ˌfɑː.məˈsuː.tɪ.kəl/ US /ˌfɑːr.məˈsuː.t̬ɪ.kəl/
Add to word list
relating to the production of medicines
制药的
the pharmaceutical industry
制药业
a pharmaceutical company/product/journal
制药公司/药品/药学期刊

pharmaceutical
noun [ C usually plural ] MEDICAL specialized

a medicine
药品,药物,药剂

40
Q

smash

A

verb
UK /smæʃ/ US /smæʃ/
smash verb (BREAK NOISILY)
Add to word list
B2 [ I or T ]
to cause something to break noisily into a lot of small pieces
打碎,摔碎
Rioters ran through the city, smashing windows and looting shops.
暴乱者穿过市中心,砸碎商店的橱窗,抢掠店铺里的东西。
She dropped her cup and watched it smash to pieces/to smithereens on the stone floor.
她掉了杯子,看着它在石地板上摔得粉碎。
Fewer examples
The vase rolled off the edge of the table and smashed.
The glass smashed into little bits.
Vandals smashed windows and overturned cars in the downtown shopping district.
Some thugs smashed his windows.
The stone plaque bearing his name was smashed to pieces.
smash verb (MOVE FORCEFULLY)

[ I or T, + adv/prep ]
to cause something to move with great force against something hard, usually causing damage or injury
猛撞,猛冲,猛击(通常造成破坏或伤害)
Several boats were smashed against the rocks during the storm.
暴风雨期间,几艘小船撞上了礁石。
He tried to smash the door down to get to me.
他试图将门撞倒来抓我。
The car was travelling very fast when it smashed into the tree.
汽车在高速行驶时猛然撞到树上。
He threatened to smash my face in if I didn’t give him the money.
他威胁说如果我不给钱他会揍扁我的脸。

[ I or T ]
in tennis or volleyball, to hit the ball down towards the ground quickly and forcefully
(网球运动中)打高压球,猛扣(球)

smash verb (DEFEAT)
[ T ]
to defeat someone or to destroy something completely
击溃,摧毁,粉碎
The country’s government said it would do whatever was necessary to smash the rebellion.
政府表示将采取一切必要行动来粉碎叛乱。
smash verb (DO BETTER)

[ T ]
to do much better than the best or fastest result recorded previously
(轻松)打破(纪录)
Petersen smashed the 400 metres record by over half a second.
彼得森以快了半秒多的成绩轻松打破了400米纪录。

41
Q

overrun

A

verb
UK /ˌəʊ.vəˈrʌn/ US /ˌoʊ.vɚˈrʌn/
present participle overrunning | past tense overran | past participle overrun
overrun verb (FILL)
[ T ]
If unwanted people or things overrun, they fill a place quickly and in large numbers.
(有害的人或事物)肆虐,横行,泛滥
Rebel soldiers overran the embassy last night.
昨晚叛乱士兵占领了大使馆。
Our kitchen is overrun with cockroaches.
我们的厨房蟑螂横行。
overrun verb (GO PAST)

[ I or T ]
to continue past an intended limit, especially a finishing time or a cost
超越,超过(尤指完成期限或费用)
My evening class overran by ten minutes.
我的夜校课晚下课了10分钟。
It looks as if we’re going to overrun our budget.
看上去我们要超出预算了。

42
Q

overwhelm verb (EMOTION)

A

UK /ˌəʊ.vəˈwelm/ US /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwelm/
C1 [ T usually passive ]
to cause someone to feel sudden strong emotion
(强烈的感情)充溢,使难以承受,使不知所措
She was overwhelmed with/by grief when her father died.
I was overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received.
收到这些鲜花和支持者的来信让我激动得不知所措