Reading 15

Question 1

What meant by ‘diploid’? Are most of your cells diploid?

Answer 1

• Cells that carry 2 sets of genetic info
  -Most are diploid

Question 2

What is meant by ‘haploid’? Are most of your cells haploid?

Answer 2

• reproductive cells
  -no

Question 3

How many chromosomes do we have in most of our cells?

Answer 3

46

Question 4

What are the three essential elements of a eukaryotic chromosome?

Answer 4

• Centromere
• Pair of telomeres
  -Origins of replication

Question 5

What is the role of the centromere during cell division?

Answer 5

-Attachment point for spindle microtubules, which are the filaments responsible for moving chromosomes during cell division

Question 6

What are the two major phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 6

-interphase and M phase (mitotic phase)

Question 7

List the six stages of M phase?
(psychopaths polished muppets as Tarzan cheeped)

Answer 7

-prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis

Question 8

What is the end-product of meiosis?

Answer 8

-meiosis: 2 divisions, new cells have half the number of chromosomes as the original

Question 9

What does the term “crossing over” refer to? During what phase in meiosis does crossing over occur?

Answer 9

• Refers to exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids
  -Prophase 1