reactivity series test revision Flashcards
order of reactivity
potassium
sodium
lithium
calcium
magnesium
aluminium
carbon
zinc
iron
hydrogen
copper
silver
gold
metal + oxygen
metal oxide
chemical test for hydrogen
squeaky pop with splint
reactions with oxygen
potassium to iron burn in oxygen
copper and silver do not burn but tarnish over time
no reaction with gold
metal + water
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
reactions with water
potassium to calcium have violent reaction
magnesium reacts faster with hot water and steam
zinc and iron react with steam
copper to gold have no reaction
metal + acid
salt + hydrogen
reactions with acid
violent with potassium to calcium
vigorous with magnesium
zinc and iron- slow reaction
copper to gold - no reaction
thermite reaction
between aluminium and iron (III) oxide
super violent reaction
redox reaction example
magnesium + iron oxide –> magnesium oxide + iron
magnesium = oxidised, reducing agent
iron oxide = reduced, oxidising agent
full name for rust
hydrated iron (III) oxide
rusting methods of prevention
barrier methods - physical barrier (e.g. painting, greasing, plastic coating). cheap but only temporary
sacrificial method - using a more reactive metal (e.g. zinc) in small amounts on the surface of the iron, which oxygen reacts more with.
galvanising - combination of both, coating in zinc rather than small amounts.
methods of extraction for different metals
metals above carbon - from their ore by electrolysis (electric current to separate ions)
metals below carbon - extracted from their ore by displacement with carbon
gold, silver and copper - mined from the earth’s crust
