Reactions with Haloalkanes Flashcards by Livia Ng | Brainscape

Q

Haloalkane -> alcohol

A

Reagent: NaOH(aq) or KOH(aq)
Conditions: warm under reflux

Equation: R-X + OH- -> R-OH + X-

Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

Role of hydroxide ion: nucleophile

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Q

Haloalkane -> nitrile

A

Reagent: KCN in aqueous ethanol
Conditions: boil under reflux

Equation: R-X + CN- -> R-CN + X-

Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

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Q

Haloalkane -> amine

A

Reagent: ammonia in ethanol in a sealed tube
Conditions: heat

Equation: R-X + 2NH3 -> R-NH2 + NH4X

Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

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Q

Haloalkane -> alkene

A

Reagent: KOH in ethanol
Conditions: heat

Equation:

Mechanism: elimination

Role of hydroxide ion: base

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