Reactions of Acids and Bases + their properties Flashcards
What is pH?
it is the measurement of how basic or acidic a substance is. pH measures the concentration of hydrogen ions
An acidic solution with have a pH of?
below 7
A neutral solution will have a pH of?
7
A basic solution will have a pH of?
above 7
- If red litmus paper is put in a basic solution it’ll?
2. If blue litmus paper is put into an acidic solution it’ll?
- turn blue
2. turn red
- If red litmus paper is put in an acidic solution it’ll?
2. If blue litmus paper is put in a basic solution it’ll?
- stay red
2. stay blue
- what colour will blue litmus change to in a neutral solution?
- what colour will red litmus change to in a neutral solution?
- It’ll stay blue
2. It’ll stay red
What colour will the universal indicator change to if:
- Put into an acidic solution.
- Put into a basic solution
- Put into a neutral solution
- red, orange or yellow
- blue, violet or purple
- green
What colour will bromothymol blue to if:
- Put into an acidic solution.
- Put into a basic solution
- Put into a neutral solution
- yellow
- blue
- green
What colour will Phenolphthalein change to if:
- Put into an acidic solution.
- Put into a basic solution
- Put into a neutral solution
- Colourless
- pink, red
- colourless
An acid is any substance that releases what in solution?
Hydrogen Ions
acids are know as what kind of donors?
Proton donors
A base is any substance that accepts what in solution?
Hydrogen ions
A base is also known as a what kind of acceptor?
A proton acceptor
What is a base that dissolves in water known as?
An alkali
Alkalis release what in solution?
Hydroxide ions
the H ion and OH ion combine to from what?
Water- H2O
An Acid neutralises a base to give us what?
salt and water
acids taste?
sour
acids feel?
rough
Bases taste?
bitter
bases feel?
smooth silky
give 3 examples of households acids
lemon juice, vinegar and Tomato sauce.
give 3 examples of household bases
handy Andy, washing powder and soap
give 2 examples of lab acids and their respective formulas
Hydrochloric acid- HCl
sulphuric acid-H2SO4
give 2 examples of lab bases and their respective formulas
sodium hydroxide-NaOH
magnesium hydroxide-Mg(OH)2
how would now test for hydrogen?
hold a burning match at the mouth of the test-tube, if hydrogen is present, a pop sound will be heard.
How would one test for carbon dioxide?
if a gas is bubbled through clear lime water [Ca(OH)2] and the lime water turns milky then CO2 is present.
what are the 4 general reactions when working with acids and bases.
- Acid + metal hydroxide -> salt + water (neutralisation)
- Acid + metal oxide -> salt + water (neutralisation)
- Acid + Carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide (neutralisation)
- Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen
salt is what kind of compound?
An ionic compound
What is the formula for
- Hydrochloric acid
- sulphuric acid
- nitric acid
- HCl
- H2SO4
- HNO3
give all 4 names for NaHCO3
- Sodium hydrogen carbonate
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Bicarbonate of Soda
- Baking soda
Where would you find acetic acid?
In vinegar
- what is another name for tartaric acid?
2. what is it used for?
- cream of tartar
2. Baking
what is the scientific name for fizzes
effervesce
The gas for making leavened bread is made in two ways:
- what is this gas?
- give the two ways and their formulas.
- carbon dioxide
- a) reacting sodium bicarbonate with an acid
carbonate+acid-> salt+water+CO2
b) Heating the sodium
what is the difference between a carbonate and a bicarbonate?
There is hydrogen in bicarbonate but there isn’t hydrogen in in carbonate.
What is the difference between baking soda and baking powder.
baking powder already has an acid in the mixture but baking soda needs an acidic ingredient to react with it.
What kind of reaction takes place between the stomach acid and the antacid.
neutralisation
why did you burp shortly after taking an antacid?
Because carbon dioxide is released.
