Reactions

Question 1

HYDRATION
-Write the simple equation for this

Answer 1

alkene + water = alcohol

Question 2

HYDRATION
-How do you do these reactions?

Answer 2

1. Break double bond
2. OH goes to carbon & H goes to the other

Question 3

DEHYDRATION
-Write the simple equation for this

Answer 3

alcohol - water = alkene

Question 4

DEHYDRATION
-In this case you are removing water from (the same/different) molecule

Answer 4

The same

Question 5

DEHYDRATION
-What happens to the bonds

Answer 5

The single bond becomes a double bond

Question 6

DEHYDRATION
-How do you do these types of reactions?

Answer 6

1. One carbon loses H and the other loses OH
2. Double bond between the two carbons

Question 7

DEHYDROGENATION
-Describe how the bonds change

Answer 7

You go from an alkane to an alkene

Question 8

DEHYDROGENATION
-What happens here?

Answer 8

You lose 2 hydrogen atoms so it becomes an alkene

Question 9

OXIDATION
-What is this?

Answer 9

Losing hydrogens or gaining oxygens

Question 10

OXIDATION
-Can tertiary alcohols be oxidized?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

OXIDATION
-What is an example of an oxidation reaction?

Answer 11

Dehydrogenation

Question 12

HYDROGENATION
-Describe how to bonds change

Answer 12

You go from an alkene to an alkane

Question 13

HYDROGENATION
-What happens here?

Answer 13

You break the double bond by adding 2 hydrogen atoms

Question 14

What is the difference between hydration and hydrogenation?

Answer 14

In hydrogenation you add two hydrogens, while in hydration you are adding a water

Question 15

REDUCTION
-What is this?

Answer 15

Gaining hydrogens or losing oxygens

Question 16

REDUCTION
-What is an example of a reduction reaction?

Answer 16

Hydrogenation

Question 17

A carboxylic acid is made by the ____ of an aldehyde

Answer 17

oxidation

Question 18

DECARBOXYLATION
-What happens here?

Answer 18

COOH is replaced by a hydrogen, becoming CO2 on the products side

Question 19

CONDENSATION REACTIONS
-What happens with these reactions?

Answer 19

You remove H from one molecule and OH from a different molecule, which will become water on the products side. Then join the molecules

Question 20

CONDENSATION REACTIONS
-Where do you remove H from?

Answer 20

oxygen or nitrogen

Question 21

CONDENSATION REACTION
-Where do you remove the OH from?

Answer 21

carbon

Question 22

ETHER CONDENSATION
-What is the equation for this?

Answer 22

alcohol + alcohol = ether + water

Question 23

ETHER CONDENSATION
-How do you do this?

Answer 23

Remove OH from one side and H from the other

Question 24

**ESTERFICATION** -What type of reaction is this and what is the equation?

Answer 24

-Condensation reaction -carboxylic acid + alcohol = ester + water

Question 25

**ESTERFICATION** -Describe what you do

Answer 25

Remove the H from the alcohol and the OH from the carboxylic acid

Question 26

**AMIDATION** -What is the equation for this?

Answer 26

carboxylic acid + amine = amide + water

Question 27

**AMIDATION** -What happens here?

Answer 27

You remove the H from the amine (NH2) and the OH from the carboxylic acid

Question 28

**PHOSPHORYLATION** -What is the equation for this?

Answer 28

phosphoric acid + alcohol = phosphoester + water

Question 29

**PHOSPHORYLATION** -What do you do here?

Answer 29

Remove the H from the alcohol and the OH from the phosphoric acid

Question 30

**HYDROLYSIS** -What happens with these?

Answer 30

A large molecule reacts with water and breaks down into smaller ones

Question 31

**HYDROLYSIS** -Hydrolysis is the opposite of what?

Answer 31

Condensation Reactions

Question 32

**ETHER HYDROLYSIS** -What is the equation for this?

Answer 32

ether + water = alcohol + alcohol

Question 33

**ETHER HYDROLYSIS** -Describe what happens here

Answer 33

You break up the oxygen and add OH to the carbon and H to the oxygen

Question 34

**ESTER HYDROLYSIS** -What is the equation?

Answer 34

Ester + water = carboxylic acid + alcohol

Question 35

**ESTER HYDROLYSIS** -Describe what happens here

Answer 35

1. Break the C-O bond 2. Add OH to carbon and H to oxygen

Question 36

**AMIDE HYDROLYSIS** -What is the equation?

Answer 36

amide + water = carboxylic acid + amine

Question 37

**AMINE HYDROLYSIS** -Describe what you do

Answer 37

1. Break the C-N bond CLOSEST to the carbonyl group 2. Add OH to the carbon and H to the nitrogen