Reactions Flashcards
Alkenes + H2
Nickel catalyst
150°C
Alkanes
Alkenes + Halogen
Halogenoalkane
Alkenes + Hydrogen Halides
Halogenalkanes
Alkenes + steam (hydration)
Phosphoric acid
60 - 70 atm
300°C
Alcohol
Oxidation of alkenes
Acidified Potassium Manganate
Diol
Combustion of Alkenes
Incomplete
Combustion of alcohols
Complete
Chlorination (primary) alcohol
PCl5 used
Chloroalkane
POCl3
HCl
Chlorination (tertiary) alcohol
HCl used
Shake it
Chloroalkane + Water
Bromination of alcohol
KBr used
50% conc H2SO4
Warmed
HBr formed in situe
Iodination of alcohols
Red phosphorus
Heat under reflux
PI3 produced in step 1
Dehydration of alcohols
conc. H3PO4
Heat
Alkane
Hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes
Hot KOH 50/50 mixture of water and ethanol Heat under reflux ……………………………………………………….. AgNO3, HNO3 Ethanol Warm in a water bath ……………………………………………………….. Warm Water
Halogenoalkanes with KCN
Ethanol
Heat under reflux
Halogenoalkanes with ammonia
Heat in a sealed tube
2 steps:
1. NH3 nucleophile
2. NH3 base