Reaction Types Flashcards
What is a combination reaction?
2 substances combine to form 1 product
A + B ——–> AB
What is a decomposition reaction?
1 compound decomposes into > (or equal to) 2 products
AB ———- > A + B
What are single re/displacement reaction?
1 element is replaced by another compound
AB + C ————-> AC + B
What is a double re/displacement reaction?
cation in 1 compound replaced by cation in other compound
AB + CD ————> AD + CB
What is an acid/ base / neutralisation reaction OF HYDROXIDE BASE?
acid + base ——–> H2O + salt
OH (from base) + H (from acid) = H2O
What is a precipitate reaction?
precipitate formed
type of double replacement reaction
What are the types of thermochemical reaction?
endothermic
exothermic
What are endothermic reactions?
non-spontaneous reactions that absorb heat from surroundings to fuel reaction
the endothermic reaction occurs btw molecules in solution
therefore, heat absorbed from solution by molecules in reaction reduces solution temperature
reactants + heat ———> products
What normally produce endothermic reactions?
reactions that produce gases from liquids and solids
decomposition
What are exothermic reactions?
spontaneous reactions that release light/heat into surroundings
exothermic reaction btw molecules in solution
therefore, heat released into solution, increasing the solution temperature
reactants (chemical energy) ——–> products (heat energy)
What normally produce exothermic reactions?
combustion
acid/base
combination
What are the types of combustion reactions and their formulas?
combination combustion:
substance + O2 ——-> ?? + heat
hydrocarbon combustion:
hydrocarbon (e.g. methane) + O2 ——> CO2 + H2O + heat
What is the formula for a neutralisation reaction wt a CARBONATE BASE?
acid + carbonate base ———> salt + H2O + CO2
How are qualitative observations made?
NOT DEDUCTION
MUST BE OBSERVED AND NOT ASSUMED
take note of:
appearance (reactants & products)
info of reaction (speed & intensity)
ANY POTENTIAL SOURCES OF ERROR
