Ionic Compounds

Question 1

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 1

An ionic compound is a substance formed by more than one type of atom through the transfer of electrons through a metal and non-metal atoms

Question 2

How are ionic compounds bonded?

Answer 2

the transfer of electrons creates an electrostatic attraction/ IONIC BOND

Question 3

What are ionic compounds known as?

Answer 3

salts

Question 4

What are cations?

Answer 4

are positively charged ions = atoms that have lost electrons

e.g. G1 (+), G2 (2+), G3 (3+)

Question 5

What are anions?

Answer 5

are negatively charged ions = have gained an electron

e.g. G17 (-), G16 (2-), G15 (3-)

Question 6

What is an isoelectronic species?

Answer 6

species with the same number of electrons

same noble gas configuration

Question 7

Why do ionic compounds form?

Answer 7

for atoms to gain a noble gas configuration and be stable

Question 8

What normally forms cations and what normally forms anions?

Answer 8

metals loose electrons = cations

non-metals gain electrons = anions

Question 9

How do you name an ionic compound (NOT A TRANSITION METAL)?

Answer 9

cation anion

cation : same name as periodic table name
e.g calcium atom —-> calcium ion

anion : name wt ‘-ide’
e.g oxygen atom ——> oxide ion

Therefore, together = calcium oxide

Question 10

How do you name an ionic compound with a transition metal?

Answer 10

transition metals = cations (loose electrons)

still cation anion format

write name of transition metal and then charge in brackets in ROMAN NUMERALS

e.g. iron (iii) chloride

Question 11

What are the transition metal exceptions that only ever form one ion and what are their charges?

Answer 11

Zinc = Zn (2+)

Lead = Pb (2+)

Silver = Ag (+)

THEREFORE roman numerals unnecessary for these metals

Question 12

What form are ionic compounds bonded in (define it)?

Answer 12

stable configuration called lattice

ionic lattice = repeating pattern of cations & anions

Question 13

How are ionic compounds represented?

Answer 13

formula unit

= smallest repeating unit used to represent substance in chemical equations and in lattice

Question 14

How do I name ionic compounds with polyatomic ions?

Answer 14

cation anion format

polyatomic ions usually anions

write the polyatomic ion name - STAYS THE SAME

Question 15

What is solubility?

Answer 15

a substance that is soluble in water/ will dissolve in water

Question 16

What is the state symbol given to substances that dissolve in water?

Answer 16

aqueous = (aq)

Question 17

What type of reaction is an ionic compound formed in?

Answer 17

a double displacement reaction/ precipitate reaction
=chemical reaction in which 2 reactants swap anions

precipitate reactions produce a precipitate by mixing 2 aqueous solutions

Question 18

What is a complete ionic equation?

Answer 18

shows how chemical species actually exist in solution

Need to seperate each element in reactants put charges and state symbols for each. Same for the products. If a solid is formed or a reactant those elements remain together

MUST BE BALANCED

Question 19

What is a net ionic equation?

Answer 19

only shows species that participate in reaction

spectator ions (exactly the same reactants & products) not included