Reaction to change home and abroad

Question 1

Royalist political clubs

Answer 1

• Noble faction met in the Salon Francais
• Society of 89 (Sieyes and Lafayette) was the meeting place of the supporters of constitutional monarchy (high entry fee)

Question 2

Left wing political clubs

Answer 2

• Jacobins were made up from the Breton Club (club met daily and by Aug 1790 there were 152 Jacobin clubs across France)
  July 1791 : Some moderate members created the Feaulliant club in which fees were reduced
• Cordeliers club, entry fee was low and open to all eg women and passive citizens (Desmoulins, Danton snd Marat)

Question 3

Influence of the political clubs

Answer 3

• Platform for political propaganda, could influence decisions and radical pamphlets reached out to ordinary people
• Eg desmoulins paper was cheap, nation wide and attacked the monarchy

Question 4

The King and the Flight to Varennes

Answer 4

• 20/21st June 1791 an escape from Tuileries palace was attempted
• Plagued by issues : delayed departure and excessive luggage
• Louis was recognised and the Royal family was escorted back to Paris in which the citizens turned their backs on the Royal family to show their disrespect
• Louis had undermined the constitutional monarchy

Question 5

Outcome of the flight to Varennes

Answer 5

• 16th July 1791 : LXVII was temporarily suspended
• Deepened political and social tensions
• Questions raised over the sincerity of LXVII

Question 6

Demonstration at the Champ de Mars

Answer 6

• 17th July 1791
• Extreme societies organised a meeting for people to sign a petition for a republic
• 6000 gathered so the Assembly send guards to ensure order however this had the opposite effect
• A warning shot was fired and shots began getting fired with 50 people killed
• To radicals this was a betrayal by the moderates
• Heightened tension

Question 7

Origins and impacts of war

Answer 7

• Aug 1791 : Declaration of Pillnitz (French crown should be restored) by Prussia and Austria
• Assembly met 1st Oct 1791 and its first decrees were both vetoes by Louis
  1. Decree against emigrees threatening the seizure of their property (Nov 1791)
  2. Decree demanding Refractory priests to take the oath (Nov 1791)
• Deputies largely supported war as they thought it would unite French people
• LXVII also supported war through for a different reason
• April 1792 : France declared war on Austria

Question 8

The war itself

Answer 8

• April 1792 : French retreated on sight of their enemy and massacred on of their own officers although the French were numerically superior
• LXVII used his decree over 3 things in May/June 1791 and he then dismissed his entire ministry