Reaction Scheme - L2 Content

Question 1

Alcohol to alkene

Answer 1

Concentrated H2SO4 and heat

Question 2

Alkene to alcohol

Answer 2

H2O / H+ and heat

Question 3

Haloalkane to alkene

Answer 3

Alcoholic KOH with heat

Question 4

Alkene to haloalkane

Answer 4

Hydrogen halide of choice (eg HBr, HCl….)

Question 5

Alkene to alkane

Answer 5

H2, nickel catalyst, heat

Question 6

Alkane to haloalkane

Answer 6

Br2, Cl2, etc - very slow and requires UV light

Question 7

Alkene to dibromoalkane

Answer 7

Br2 (bromine water)

(Use Cl2 for dichloro, F2 for difluoro, etc)

Question 8

Haloalkane to amine

Answer 8

NH3, heat

Question 9

Haloalkane to alcohol

Answer 9

Aqueous KOH with heat

Question 10

Alkyne to alkene

Answer 10

H2, nickel catalyst, heat

Question 11

Alcohol to carboxylic acid

Answer 11

Heat and either : Cr2O7 2- and H+ OR MnO4 - and H+

Question 12

Alkene to diol

Answer 12

MnO4 - and H+

Question 13

Alcohol to chloroalkane

Answer 13

PCl3, PCl5, OR SOCl2 (thionyl chloride)

Question 14

Carboxylic acid to carboxylate ion

Answer 14

NH3

OR

Can be produced by reacting carboxylic acid with any amine

Question 15

Amine to ammonium (NH4+) ion

Answer 15

HCl, or other acid