Reaction Rates Flashcards
rate of reaction
speed at which reactants are chemically converted into products
change in quantity (mass or volume)/ change in time
colision theory
set of conditions that need for happen for a reaction to occur
particles must collide
must collide with enough energy
must collide in correct orientation
7 factors affecting reaction rate
nature of reactants
concentration
pressure/volume
state of subdivision of the reactants/surface area
stirring or agitation
temperature
catalysts
nature of reactants
a chemical that has less bond breaking and bond forming will be natural faster than a complex reaction
ionic is faster than covalent due to bond strength
concentration
concentrationg is number of particles per unit volume, increasing conc, increases frequency of collisions and this increases the number of successful collisions with sufficient energy and correct orientation
pressure/volume
increasing pressure = decreasing volume
when same quantitiy of particles is exposed to smaller volume, they are closer to each other and walls of vessel
this increaes frequency of collisiosn and increase number of successful collisions with sufficient energy and correct orientation
surface area
increaseing surface area, increases number of reactant particles exposed and available for collisions, increasing frequency of collision, increasing the number of successful collisions with sufficient energy and correct orientation
stirring/agitation
by creating movement in a fluid, reacting particles are more exposed for collisions and are given more kinetic energy
greater proportional of these particles have more energy than activation energy and they are more likely to collid with correct orientation
temperature
increase in temp, particles vibrate and more KE, so they move faster and there are more frequent collisions, which leads to a greater proportion of particles that have energy greater than the activation energy
