Reaction Mechanisms Flashcards by Diana Espirito

Q

Alkene → Halogenoalkane

A

HALOGENATION

HBr

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Q

Alkene → Dihalogenoalkane

A

HALOGENATION

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Q

Alkene → Alcohol

A

HYDRATION

Steam/H₃PO₄/High Temperature/High Pressure

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Q

Alkene → Alkane

A

ADDITION POLYMERISATION

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Q

Halogenoalkane → Alcohol

A

HYDROLYSIS

NaOH(aq) or H₂O/warm

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Q

Halogenoalkane → 1⁰ Amine

A

AMINATION

Excess ethanolic ammonia/Warm

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Q

Halogenoalkane → 2⁰ Amine

A

AMINATION

Excess ethanolic 1⁰ amine/Warm

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Q

Alkane → Halogenoalkane

A

HALOGENATION

Cl₂/UV Light

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Q

2⁰ Alcohol → Ketone

A

OXIDATION

K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄/Reflux

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Q

Alcohol → Ester

A

ESTERIFICATION

Carboxylic Acid or Acid Anhydride/Conc. H₂SO₄/Reflux

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Q

1⁰ Alcohol → Carboxylic Acid

A

COMPLETE OXIDATION

K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄/Reflux

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Q

1⁰ Alcohol → Aldehyde

A

PARTIAL OXIDATION

K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄/Distill

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Q

Alcohol + Reactive Metal → Alkoxide Salt

A

Na

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Q

Ketone → 2⁰ Alcohol

A

REDUCTION

NaBH₄/H₂O/Warm

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Q

Aldehyde → 1⁰ Alcohol

A

REDUCTION

NaBH₄/H₂O/Warm

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Q

Aldehyde → Carboxylic Acid

A

OXIDATION

K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄/Reflux

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Q

Carboxylic Acid → Ester

A

ESTERIFICATION

ROH/conc. H₂SO₄/Reflux

Q

Ester → Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol

A

ACID HYDROLYSIS

Dilute H₂SO₄/Reflux

Q

Ester → Carboxylate Salt + Alcohol

A

ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS

NaOH(aq)/Reflux

Q

Triglyceride Ester → Biodiesel + Glycerol

A

TRANSESTERIFICATION

CH₃OH(aq)/Reflux

Q

RADICAL SUBSTITUTION

A

Homolytic Bond Fission

Q

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION

A

Heterolytic Bond Fission

Q

NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION

A

Heterolytic Bond Fission

Q

Benzene → Bromobenzene

A

BROMINATION

Br₂/FeBr₃ (or Fe)/Anhydrous

Benzene → Chlorobenzene

CHLORINATION | Cl₂/AlCl₃/Anhydrous

Benzene → Nitrobenzene

NITRATION | conc. HNO₃/conc. H₂SO₄/55⁰

Nitrobenzene → Phenylamine

REDUCTION | Sn Catalyst/conc. HCl/Reflux

Alkene → Alkane

HYDROGENATION | H₂/Ni Catalyst/150⁰

Phenol + Reactive Metal → Phenoxide Salt

Na

Phenol + Alkali → Phenoxide Salt

NaOH

Alcohol + Reactive Metal → Alkoxide Salt

Na

Phenol → 2,4,6-tribromophenol

BROMINATION | Br₂(aq)

Phenol → Ester + Carboxylic Acid

ESTERIFICATION | Acid Anhydride/Methanol/Warm

Phenol + Reactive Metal → Phenoxide Salt

Na

Phenol + Alkali → Phenoxide Salt

NaOH

Carboxylic Acid + Metal Carbonate → Carboxylate Salt

NaHCO₃

Phenol + Reactive Metal → Phenoxide Salt

Na

Phenol + Alkali → Phenoxide Salt

NaOH

Carboxylic Acid + Alkali → Carboxylate Salt

NaOH

Carboxylic Acid → Carboxylate Salt

Na