RDA Flashcards
Three ways an individual may be encouraged to participate in sport through secondary socialisation?
- friends
- club of that specific sport taking place locally and make friends there
- may see through media/tv and be inspired
Diamond League
Athletics event
Positive impact diamond league
- increased prize money, making athletes more competitive therefore raising the standards of the sport
- the increase of prize money could make the sport more appealing for the lifestyle/career, increasing the talent pool and also general participation which then means more raised standards of the sport
Negative impact of diamond league
- money prize takes away values of sport and further away from an amateurs mentality as they will just play for the money not for their love of the game/sport.
middle class in the industrial and post-industrial period (1780−1900)
AO1
• Emerged from school and universities.
• Less money than upper class but education allowed them to take up prominent
roles in society.
• They became factory owners, clergy, officers in the army etc.
How did middle class and association football link?
AO2
• National governing bodies: Middle class set up a national governing body (the FA) which codified
sports allowing everyone to play by the same rules.
• They created competition structures for people to enter such as the FA Cup.
• Factory owners: Set up factory teams.
• Providing workers with increased leisure time.
How did middle class impact association football?
AO3
• Factory owners set aside time for footballers to train and play matches allowing greater focus on
improving sport specific skills and fitness.
• The codification of rules by the FA/middle class meant that teams could travel to different areas to play
a larger pool of teams of a higher ability, which improved the standard.
• The development of structured competitions such as the FA cup meant that the sport became more
competitive/success was widely recognised increasing factory owners’ motivation to bring together the
best teams possible.
Bandura’s model of self-efficacy
Definitions
• discrimination - Unfair treatment of a person based on a stereotype or prejudice
• stereotyping - A preconceived idea about a group
not.
• prejudice - a perceived opinion that’s not based on real experience
Discrimination, stereotyping, performance accomplishments, emotional arousal EXPLAINED AO2
• Discrimination: If a performer with a disability is unable to access a club/team/sport without
legitimate reason.
• Stereotyping/prejudice - Thinking that people with disabilities are not able to play sport/should only
do certain activities.
• Performance accomplishments - Children with a disability may have had a bad experience of
playing sport in the past reducing self-efficacy.
• Emotional arousal - Children with a disability may feel more anxious playing sports due increased
risk/difficulty which may lead to over arousal, decreasing self-efficacy
Analysis of how discrimination, stereotyping and prejudice would explain these feelings
when applied to Bandura’s model of self-efficacy (AO3)
• This discrimination may be based on the stereotypical view that people with a disability can’t play
sport or the prejudice that someone with a certain disability isn’t as good as a performer without a
disability.
• Performance accomplishments: Children with a disability may have encountered DISCRIMINATION
when playing sport meaning they aren’t given the opportunity to be successful and leading to a
decrease in self-efficacy.
• Emotional arousal: If children with disabilities encounter DISCRIMINATION when participating in sport
this may lead to anxiety, increasing arousal, leading to over-arousal which will decrease
self-efficacy.
Self efficacy is impacted by :
• performance accomplishments – how you have performed in a given situation previously
• vicarious experience – seeing how people of a similar ability to you perform in a given situation
• verbal persuasion – the verbal comments you receive from significant others regarding your
ability to succeed
• emotional arousal – whether your emotional arousal is at an optimal level or not.
