RBC anomalies Flashcards
It refers to erythrocytes with normal amount of hemoglobin
Normochromic cell
Refers to erythrocytes where the central light area is larger and paler than the normal which MCH and MCHC are decreased, it is also often associated with microcytosis
Hypochromic cell
Red cells which have an increased hemoglobin content and wherein the central light area is smaller than the normal
Hyperchromic cell
This condition wherein the red cell are stained w/ various shades of blue w/ tinges of pink due to affinity of hb to acid and affinity of RNA to basic dye, it also indicates reticulocytosis
POLYCHROMATOPHILIA/POLYCHROMASIA/DIFFUSE BASOPHILIA
Condition where the red cell appear as pale, it has two possible causes which is dec. Hb concentration and abnormal thinness of the cells
IDA, SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA, THALASSEMIA
Hypochromasia
Condition where red cell are deeply stained into abnormal thickness of cell due to macrocytosis sherocytosis and megaloblastic anemia
Hyperchromasia
Condition where the red cells vary in both macrocytes and microcytes coexist in the same smear
Anisocytosis
Normal size in diameter of redcells
6-8um in diameter
Cells larger than normal greater than 8um in size round in shape mcv>100 fl
Macrocyte
What disease macrocyte detect?
Abnormal nuclear maturation
But normal cytoplasmic maturation
Associated disease in macrocyte
Non megaloblastic anemia
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Chronic liver disease
Bm failure
Reticulocytosis
Cells which is less than 6um in size
Microcytosis
Microcytosis is found in
IDA
THALASSEMIA
HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAHB E DISEASE
INFLAMMATION
CHRONIC POST HEMORRHAGIC ANEMIA
SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
A large oval shaped red cell which is 9-12 um
Megalocyte
Megalocyte is found in
Megaloblastic anemia like pernicious anemia
Anemia
VIT B12 DEFICIENCY
D. LATUM INFECTION
Redcells exhibit variation in shape
Poikilocytosis
A normal cell with a biconcave diskshape with increased surface of volume surface
Discocyte
It is a small dense rbc with a few irregularly spaced projection of varying length
Acanthocyte(spur cell)
Acanthocyte can detect
Abnormal membrane defect cause by an increase shingomyelin and dec cholesterol and phospholipid
Associated disease in acanthocyte
Neuroacanthocytosis
Severe liver disease
Cell membrane is folded
Biscuit cell (folded RBC)
Cell assumes a pocket book roll appearance or biscuit shape, it also associated with HBSC & HBCC DISEASE
Biscuit cell
Abnormal lipid content of the membrane which cell irregularly spaced blunt processes resemble crenated RBC
Burr cell
Associated disease with burr cell
Uremia
MAHA
LIVER DISEASE
DIC
TIP
PK
It can detect g6p def resulting to accumulation of Heinz bodies, cell with eccentric vacuoles due to the plucked out of heinz bodies
Blister cell(bite cell)
Atp deficiency due to prolonged storage of anticoagulated blood
Pathologically due to abnormal lipid content of the membrane
Crenated cells/echinocytes/Sea-urchin cells
Associated disease in crenated cells
Seen in uremia
bleeding
Ulcers
Gastric carcinoma
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
It is a def. In cholesterol phospholipid in the membrane def in lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase(LCAT)
Cell with central area of hb surrounded by colorless area and a peripheral ring
Codocytes/targetcell/bull’s eye cell/Mexican hat
Disease associated with codocytes
THALASSEMIA
LIVER DISEASE
HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
HEMOGLOBIN SS
LCAT DEF
Abnormal maturation squeezing and fragmentation during splenic passage where cell appear in the shape of a teardrop or pear with a single short or long protrusion
Teardrop cell (Dacrocyte)
Associated disease with teardrop cell
HA, MA, MMM
A membrane due to defective spectrin def in band protein 4.1
Hb appear to be concentrated at the two ends of the cell leaving a nirmal central area of pallor, and life span is shortened
Elliptocytes/ovalocytes
Elliptocytes/ovalocytes is usually found in
megaloblastic anemia
Hypochromic anemia
Hederitary ovalocytosis
Small round dense cell w/c lacks the central palor area usually microcytic and sphere shaped and primary detect spectrin def, secondary defective interaction of spectrin w/ other skeletal protein
Spherocyte
Associated disease in spherocyte
HS
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTE LEUKEMIA
IMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA DUE TO ABO INCOMPATIBILITY
EXTENSIVE BURN
HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS
Is a crescent shape due to abnormal aggregation of hbS which gives a tendency for the cell to assume sickle shape
Sickle cell/drepanocytes
Cell fragmentation due to the trauma caused by physical and mechanical agents, it is irregularly contracted cell, fragmented cell
Schistocytes
It is characterized by an elongated or sot like area of central pallor
It is caused by osmtic changes due to cation imbalance (Na, k)
Stomato cyte/mouth cells
