Rates of Reaction Flashcards
What can the rate of reaction be determined by?
Loss or a reactants
Change in mass
Volume of gas given off
Gain of a product over time
Equation of rate
1/time
Unit of rate
s -1
Most appropriate method to measure the rate of reaction of metals with dilute acid
Example + Magnesium + Sulphuric Acid -> Magnesium Sulphate + Oxygen
The Most appropriate method is to measure the amount of Hydrogen produced using a gas syringe
These reactions produce hydrogen gas. Bubble of gas will be observed and can be collected and measured(volume) using a gas syringe ‘
Stop clock is essential as volume of gas is measured against time
Most appropriate method to measure the rate of reaction of Calcium Carbonate(also known as marble chips) with dilute hydrochloric acid
We could measure the rate of reaction in this experiment by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced
mass of the reaction vessel can be measured throughout as the loss in mass is due to carbon dioxide being released.
SUITABLE APPARATUS to carry out the reaction of Calcium Carbonate(also known as marble chips) with dilute hydrochloric acid
Conical Flask
Electronic balance
stop clock
What is a catalyst
A catalyst is a substance which increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up
What are often used as catalysts
Transition metals an compounds
Most appropriate method to measure the rate of reaction of Sodium Thiosulfate solution + hydrochloric
- The reaction rate can be monitored by carrying out the reaction on a piece of white paper
with an X marked on it. As the sulfur is produced, the X dissapearsd by the formation
of the precipitate when viewed from above. The time for the X to no longer be visible can be
measured and rate calculated from this time.
What do Sodium thiosulfate solution and hydrochloric acid react together to produce
Solid Sulfur (yellow precipitate)
What are the factors affecting rate of reaction
Temperature
Concentration of solutions
size of solid particles
presence of catalyst
Explain how temperature affects rate of reaction
Increases rate
particles have more kinetic energy and will move faster
more collision
How does increasing concentration affect rate of reaction?
Increases rate
More reaction particles per unit volume
more collision
How does Smaller solid particles affect rate of reaction
Smaller particles have greater surface area to volume ratio
more successful collision
How does adding a catalyst increase rate of reactiob
Increases rate
provides an alternative reaction
pathway of lower activation energy
* More reacting particles have energy equal
to or greater than the activation energy
* There are more successful collisions per
